docs: added adr for the treeview context introduction (#19976)

* docs: added adr for the treeview context introduction

* chore: cleanup

Author: Gururajj77

docs/decisions/0002-replace-recursive-prop-passing-with-context.md

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+# 2. Replace recursive prop passing with React Context in TreeView components
+
+Date: 2025-07-22
+
+## Status
+
+Accepted
+
+## Context
+
+The TreeView and TreeNode components share props that need to be passed from
+parent to child. Previously, we implemented a recursive function that would
+traverse the component tree to locate TreeNode instances (including those
+wrapped in other components) and pass props down to them.
+
+This approach had several significant drawbacks:
+
+- The recursive traversal was computationally expensive and energy-intensive
+- Props were not always passed down correctly to wrapped TreeNode components
+- Users could not reliably use TreeNode components inside custom wrapper classes
+- The implementation was brittle and difficult to maintain
+
+One specific issue that highlighted this problem:
+https://github.com/carbon-design-system/carbon/issues/19522
+
+## Decision
+
+We will replace the recursive prop passing mechanism with React's Context API.
+This allows direct communication between TreeView (parent) and TreeNode (child)
+components through the React context system, eliminating the need to traverse
+and analyze the component tree structure.
+
+The implementation was completed in:
+https://github.com/carbon-design-system/carbon/pull/19626
+
+## Consequences
+
+Users can now wrap TreeNode components with any number of custom wrapper
+components without affecting the parent-child communication. This provides much
+greater flexibility in component composition while improving performance by
+eliminating the recursive tree traversal. The solution is also more maintainable
+and follows React best practices for component communication.