@@ -246,8 +246,8 @@ def get_filepath_or_buffer(
246246 return _expand_user (filepath_or_buffer ), None , compression , False
247247
248248 if not is_file_like (filepath_or_buffer ):
249- msg = "Invalid file path or buffer object type: {_type }"
250- raise ValueError (msg . format ( _type = type ( filepath_or_buffer )) )
249+ msg = f "Invalid file path or buffer object type: { type ( filepath_or_buffer ) } "
250+ raise ValueError (msg )
251251
252252 return filepath_or_buffer , None , compression , False
253253
@@ -355,9 +355,9 @@ def _infer_compression(
355355 if compression in _compression_to_extension :
356356 return compression
357357
358- msg = "Unrecognized compression type: {}" . format ( compression )
358+ msg = f "Unrecognized compression type: { compression } "
359359 valid = ["infer" , None ] + sorted (_compression_to_extension )
360- msg += "\n Valid compression types are {}" . format ( valid )
360+ msg += f "\n Valid compression types are { valid } "
361361 raise ValueError (msg )
362362
363363
@@ -454,13 +454,11 @@ def _get_handle(
454454 if len (zip_names ) == 1 :
455455 f = zf .open (zip_names .pop ())
456456 elif len (zip_names ) == 0 :
457- raise ValueError (
458- "Zero files found in ZIP file {}" .format (path_or_buf )
459- )
457+ raise ValueError (f"Zero files found in ZIP file { path_or_buf } " )
460458 else :
461459 raise ValueError (
462460 "Multiple files found in ZIP file."
463- " Only one file per ZIP: {}" . format ( zip_names )
461+ f " Only one file per ZIP: { zip_names } "
464462 )
465463
466464 # XZ Compression
@@ -469,7 +467,7 @@ def _get_handle(
469467
470468 # Unrecognized Compression
471469 else :
472- msg = "Unrecognized compression type: {}" . format ( compression )
470+ msg = f "Unrecognized compression type: { compression } "
473471 raise ValueError (msg )
474472
475473 handles .append (f )
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