Add ServletRequestMatcherBuilders

This static factory simplifes the creation of RequestMatchers
that specify the servlet path.

Closes gh-16430

Author: jzheaux

config/src/main/java/org/springframework/security/config/annotation/web/AbstractRequestMatcherRegistry.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -264,11 +264,14 @@ private RequestMatcher resolve(AntPathRequestMatcher ant, MvcRequestMatcher mvc,
 	}
 
 	private static String computeErrorMessage(Collection<? extends ServletRegistration> registrations) {
-		String template = "This method cannot decide whether these patterns are Spring MVC patterns or not. "
-				+ "If this endpoint is a Spring MVC endpoint, please use requestMatchers(MvcRequestMatcher); "
-				+ "otherwise, please use requestMatchers(AntPathRequestMatcher).\n\n"
-				+ "This is because there is more than one mappable servlet in your servlet context: %s.\n\n"
-				+ "For each MvcRequestMatcher, call MvcRequestMatcher#setServletPath to indicate the servlet path.";
+		String template = """
+				This method cannot decide whether these patterns are Spring MVC patterns or not. \
+				This is because there is more than one mappable servlet in your servlet context: %s.
+
+				To address this, please create one ServletRequestMatcherBuilder#servletPath for each servlet that has \
+				authorized endpoints and use them to construct request matchers manually. \
+				If all your URIs are unambiguous, then you can simply reuse one ServletRequestMatcherBuilders#servletPath \
+				for all URIs""";
 		Map<String, Collection<String>> mappings = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 		for (ServletRegistration registration : registrations) {
 			mappings.put(registration.getClassName(), registration.getMappings());

config/src/test/java/org/springframework/security/config/annotation/web/configurers/AuthorizeHttpRequestsConfigurerTests.java

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@
 import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.RequestAuthorizationContext;
 import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.RequestMatcherDelegatingAuthorizationManager;
 import org.springframework.security.web.servlet.util.matcher.MvcRequestMatcher;
+import org.springframework.security.web.servlet.util.matcher.ServletRequestMatcherBuilders;
+import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.RequestMatcherBuilder;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockHttpServletRequestBuilder;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.RequestPostProcessor;
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
 import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
 import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerMappingIntrospector;
 
@@ -667,6 +670,19 @@ public void getWhenExcludeAuthorizationObservationsThenUnobserved() throws Excep
 		verifyNoInteractions(handler);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void requestMatchersWhenMultipleDispatcherServletsAndPathBeanThenAllows() throws Exception {
+		this.spring.register(MvcRequestMatcherBuilderConfig.class, BasicController.class)
+			.postProcessor((context) -> context.getServletContext()
+				.addServlet("otherDispatcherServlet", DispatcherServlet.class)
+				.addMapping("/mvc"))
+			.autowire();
+		this.mvc.perform(get("/mvc/path").servletPath("/mvc").with(user("user"))).andExpect(status().isOk());
+		this.mvc.perform(get("/mvc/path").servletPath("/mvc").with(user("user").roles("DENIED")))
+			.andExpect(status().isForbidden());
+		this.mvc.perform(get("/path").with(user("user"))).andExpect(status().isForbidden());
+	}
+
 	@Configuration
 	@EnableWebSecurity
 	static class GrantedAuthorityDefaultHasRoleConfig {
@@ -1262,6 +1278,10 @@ void rootGet() {
 		void rootPost() {
 		}
 
+		@GetMapping("/path")
+		void path() {
+		}
+
 	}
 
 	@Configuration
@@ -1317,4 +1337,25 @@ SecurityObservationSettings observabilityDefaults() {
 
 	}
 
+	@Configuration
+	@EnableWebSecurity
+	@EnableWebMvc
+	static class MvcRequestMatcherBuilderConfig {
+
+		@Bean
+		SecurityFilterChain security(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
+			RequestMatcherBuilder mvc = ServletRequestMatcherBuilders.servletPath("/mvc");
+			// @formatter:off
+			http
+				.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
+					.requestMatchers(mvc.pattern("/path/**")).hasRole("USER")
+				)
+				.httpBasic(withDefaults());
+			// @formatter:on
+
+			return http.build();
+		}
+
+	}
+
 }

docs/modules/ROOT/pages/migration-7/web.adoc

@@ -102,3 +102,12 @@ Xml::
 </b:bean>
 ----
 ======
+
+== Use Absolute Authorization URIs
+
+The Java DSL now requires that all URIs be absolute (less any context root).
+
+This means any endpoints that are not part of the default servlet, xref:servlet/authorization/authorize-http-requests.adoc#match-by-mvc[the servlet path needs to be specified].
+For URIs that match an extension, like `.jsp`, use `regexMatcher("\\.jsp$")`.
+
+Alternatively, you can change each of your `String` URI authorization rules to xref:servlet/authorization/authorize-http-requests.adoc#security-matchers[use a `RequestMatcher`].

docs/modules/ROOT/pages/servlet/authorization/authorize-http-requests.adoc

@@ -577,15 +577,11 @@ http {
 ======
 
 [[match-by-mvc]]
-=== Using an MvcRequestMatcher
+=== Matching by Servlet Path
 
 Generally speaking, you can use `requestMatchers(String)` as demonstrated above.
 
-However, if you map Spring MVC to a different servlet path, then you need to account for that in your security configuration.
-
-For example, if Spring MVC is mapped to `/spring-mvc` instead of `/` (the default), then you may have an endpoint like `/spring-mvc/my/controller` that you want to authorize.
-
-You need to use `MvcRequestMatcher` to split the servlet path and the controller path in your configuration like so:
+However, if you have authorization rules from multiple servlets, you need to specify those:
 
 .Match by MvcRequestMatcher
 [tabs]
@@ -594,16 +590,14 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,role="primary"]
 ----
-@Bean
-MvcRequestMatcher.Builder mvc(HandlerMappingIntrospector introspector) {
-	return new MvcRequestMatcher.Builder(introspector).servletPath("/spring-mvc");
-}
+import static org.springframework.security.web.servlet.util.matcher.ServletRequestMatcherBuilders.servletPath;
 
 @Bean
-SecurityFilterChain appEndpoints(HttpSecurity http, MvcRequestMatcher.Builder mvc) {
+SecurityFilterChain appEndpoints(HttpSecurity http) {
 	http
         .authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
-            .requestMatchers(mvc.pattern("/my/controller/**")).hasAuthority("controller")
+            .requestMatchers(servletPath("/spring-mvc").pattern("/admin/**")).hasAuthority("admin")
+            .requestMatchers(servletPath("/spring-mvc").pattern("/my/controller/**")).hasAuthority("controller")
             .anyRequest().authenticated()
         );
 
@@ -616,34 +610,55 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
 ----
 @Bean
-fun mvc(introspector: HandlerMappingIntrospector): MvcRequestMatcher.Builder =
-    MvcRequestMatcher.Builder(introspector).servletPath("/spring-mvc");
-
-@Bean
-fun appEndpoints(http: HttpSecurity, mvc: MvcRequestMatcher.Builder): SecurityFilterChain =
+fun appEndpoints(http: HttpSecurity): SecurityFilterChain {
     http {
         authorizeHttpRequests {
-            authorize(mvc.pattern("/my/controller/**"), hasAuthority("controller"))
+            authorize("/spring-mvc", "/admin/**", hasAuthority("admin"))
+            authorize("/spring-mvc", "/my/controller/**", hasAuthority("controller"))
             authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
         }
     }
+}
 ----
 
 Xml::
 +
 [source,xml,role="secondary"]
 ----
 <http>
+    <intercept-url servlet-path="/spring-mvc" pattern="/admin/**" access="hasAuthority('admin')"/>
     <intercept-url servlet-path="/spring-mvc" pattern="/my/controller/**" access="hasAuthority('controller')"/>
     <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="authenticated"/>
 </http>
 ----
 ======
 
-This need can arise in at least two different ways:
+This is because Spring Security requires all URIs to be absolute (minus the context path).
+
+With Java, note that the `ServletRequestMatcherBuilders` return value can be reused, reducing repeated boilerplate:
+
+[source,java,role="primary"]
+----
+import static org.springframework.security.web.servlet.util.matcher.ServletRequestMatcherBuilders.servletPath;
+
+@Bean
+SecurityFilterChain appEndpoints(HttpSecurity http) {
+	RequestMatcherBuilder mvc = servletPath("/spring-mvc");
+	http
+        .authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
+            .requestMatchers(mvc.pattern("/admin/**")).hasAuthority("admin")
+            .requestMatchers(mvc.pattern("/my/controller/**")).hasAuthority("controller")
+            .anyRequest().authenticated()
+        );
+
+	return http.build();
+}
+----
 
-* If you use the `spring.mvc.servlet.path` Boot property to change the default path (`/`) to something else
-* If you register more than one Spring MVC `DispatcherServlet` (thus requiring that one of them not be the default path)
+[TIP]
+=====
+There are several other components that create request matchers for you like `PathRequest#toStaticResources#atCommonLocations`
+=====
 
 [[match-by-custom]]
 === Using a Custom Matcher

web/src/main/java/org/springframework/security/web/servlet/util/matcher/ServletRequestMatcherBuilders.java

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.security.web.servlet.util.matcher;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import jakarta.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
+import jakarta.servlet.ServletContext;
+import jakarta.servlet.ServletRegistration;
+import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletMapping;
+import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import jakarta.servlet.http.MappingMatch;
+
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AndRequestMatcher;
+import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.RequestMatcher;
+import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.RequestMatcherBuilder;
+import org.springframework.util.Assert;
+import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
+import org.springframework.web.util.UriUtils;
+import org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link RequestMatcherBuilder} for specifying the servlet path separately from the
+ * rest of the URI. This is helpful when you have more than one servlet.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * For example, if Spring MVC is deployed to `/mvc` and another servlet to `/other`, then
+ * you can do
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <code>
+ *     http
+ *         .authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
+ *         		.requestMatchers(servletPath("/mvc").pattern("/my/**", "/controller/**", "/endpoints/**")).hasAuthority(...
+ *         		.requestMatchers(servletPath("/other").pattern("/my/**", "/non-mvc/**", "/endpoints/**")).hasAuthority(...
+ *         	}
+ *         	...
+ * </code>
+ *
+ * @author Josh Cummings
+ * @since 6.5
+ */
+public final class ServletRequestMatcherBuilders {
+
+	private ServletRequestMatcherBuilders() {
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create {@link RequestMatcher}s whose URIs are relative to the context path, if any.
+	 * <p>
+	 * When there is no context path, then these URIs are effectively absolute.
+	 * @return a {@link RequestMatcherBuilder} that treats URIs as relative to the context
+	 * path, if any
+	 */
+	public static RequestMatcherBuilder builder() {
+		return PathPatternRequestMatcher::pathPattern;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create {@link RequestMatcher}s whose URIs are relative to the given
+	 * {@code servletPath}.
+	 *
+	 * <p>
+	 * The {@code servletPath} must correlate to a configured servlet in your application.
+	 * The path must be of the format {@code /path}.
+	 * @return a {@link RequestMatcherBuilder} that treats URIs as relative to the given
+	 * {@code servletPath}
+	 */
+	public static RequestMatcherBuilder servletPath(String servletPath) {
+		Assert.notNull(servletPath, "servletPath cannot be null");
+		Assert.isTrue(servletPath.startsWith("/"), "servletPath must start with '/'");
+		Assert.isTrue(!servletPath.endsWith("/"), "servletPath must not end with a slash");
+		Assert.isTrue(!servletPath.contains("*"), "servletPath must not contain a star");
+		RequestMatcher servletPathMatcher = new ServletPathRequestMatcher(servletPath);
+		return (method, pattern) -> {
+			Assert.notNull(pattern, "pattern cannot be null");
+			Assert.isTrue(pattern.startsWith("/"), "pattern must start with '/'");
+			PathPatternRequestMatcher pathPattern = PathPatternRequestMatcher.pathPattern(method,
+					servletPath + pattern);
+			return new AndRequestMatcher(servletPathMatcher, pathPattern);
+		};
+	}
+
+	private record ServletPathRequestMatcher(String path) implements RequestMatcher {
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean matches(HttpServletRequest request) {
+			Assert.isTrue(servletExists(request), () -> this.path + "/* does not exist in your servlet registration "
+					+ registrationMappings(request));
+			return Objects.equals(this.path, getServletPathPrefix(request));
+		}
+
+		private boolean servletExists(HttpServletRequest request) {
+			if (request.getAttribute("org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc.MVC_RESULT_ATTRIBUTE") != null) {
+				return true;
+			}
+			ServletContext servletContext = request.getServletContext();
+			for (ServletRegistration registration : servletContext.getServletRegistrations().values()) {
+				if (registration.getMappings().contains(this.path + "/*")) {
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		private Map<String, Collection<String>> registrationMappings(HttpServletRequest request) {
+			Map<String, Collection<String>> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+			ServletContext servletContext = request.getServletContext();
+			for (ServletRegistration registration : servletContext.getServletRegistrations().values()) {
+				map.put(registration.getName(), registration.getMappings());
+			}
+			return map;
+		}
+
+		@Nullable
+		private static String getServletPathPrefix(HttpServletRequest request) {
+			HttpServletMapping mapping = (HttpServletMapping) request.getAttribute(RequestDispatcher.INCLUDE_MAPPING);
+			mapping = (mapping != null) ? mapping : request.getHttpServletMapping();
+			if (ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(mapping.getMappingMatch(), MappingMatch.PATH)) {
+				String servletPath = (String) request.getAttribute(WebUtils.INCLUDE_SERVLET_PATH_ATTRIBUTE);
+				servletPath = (servletPath != null) ? servletPath : request.getServletPath();
+				servletPath = servletPath.endsWith("/") ? servletPath.substring(0, servletPath.length() - 1)
+						: servletPath;
+				return UriUtils.encodePath(servletPath, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+			}
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+}