# Benchmark Comparison Report (Multi-Round)

## Overview

- **Control files** (5 rounds): `block-test_benchmark_compute_control_bf64be2_100M_arm1.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_control_bf64be2_100M_arm2.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_control_bf64be2_100M_arm3.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_control_bf64be2_100M_arm4.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_control_bf64be2_100M_arm5.log`
- **Optimized files** (5 rounds): `block-test_benchmark_compute_evm-fast-paths_100M_arm1.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_evm-fast-paths_100M_arm2.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_evm-fast-paths_100M_arm3.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_evm-fast-paths_100M_arm4.log`, `block-test_benchmark_compute_evm-fast-paths_100M_arm5.log`
- **Tests compared**: 940
- **Anomaly threshold**: CV > 15.0%
- **Anomalous tests**: 88 (9.4%)

Values shown are the **mean across rounds**. Anomalous results (high coefficient of variation between rounds) are flagged with :warning:.

## Overall Summary

| Metric | All Tests | Stable Only (excl. anomalies) |
|--------|-----------|-------------------------------|
| Total | 940 | 852 |
| Improvements (>1%) | 239 (25.4%) | 234 (27.5%) |
| Regressions (<-1%) | 472 (50.2%) | 389 (45.7%) |
| Neutral (-1% to +1%) | 229 (24.4%) | 229 (26.9%) |
| Mean change | -1.39% | -0.66% |
| Median change | -1.02% | -0.37% |

## Top 20 Improvements

| # | Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|---|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| 1 | `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 83558.81 | 96157.15 | **+15.08%** | 18.1% | 4.5% | :warning: |
| 2 | `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 79009.67 | 89898.45 | **+13.78%** | 16.4% | 5.0% | :warning: |
| 3 | `test_ext_account_query_cold[absent_accounts_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 197.81 | 224.42 | **+13.46%** | 3.3% | 3.6% |  |
| 4 | `test_return_revert[empty-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 45.56 | 51.57 | **+13.20%** | 1.9% | 1.5% |  |
| 5 | `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 82320.05 | 92922.68 | **+12.88%** | 21.1% | 4.1% | :warning: |
| 6 | `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 80946.19 | 90804.20 | **+12.18%** | 17.9% | 5.4% | :warning: |
| 7 | `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 5868.34 | 6550.00 | **+11.62%** | 5.8% | 1.7% |  |
| 8 | `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 83664.48 | 92959.45 | **+11.11%** | 18.1% | 4.4% | :warning: |
| 9 | `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSLOAD @ 100M` | 290.72 | 322.71 | **+11.00%** | 3.0% | 1.7% |  |
| 10 | `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 109.21 | 120.40 | **+10.24%** | 4.9% | 2.9% |  |
| 11 | `test_return_revert[1KiB of zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 73.83 | 81.34 | **+10.17%** | 2.1% | 1.5% |  |
| 12 | `test_return_revert[1KiB of non-zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 93.47 | 102.90 | **+10.09%** | 2.1% | 0.7% |  |
| 13 | `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value, revert @ 100M` | 573.28 | 624.50 | **+8.93%** | 2.0% | 1.0% |  |
| 14 | `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_3_pair @ 100M` | 111284.84 | 121225.46 | **+8.93%** | 3.4% | 4.3% |  |
| 15 | `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 234.60 | 255.27 | **+8.81%** | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| 16 | `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 105.17 | 114.38 | **+8.76%** | 4.6% | 4.8% |  |
| 17 | `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3667.76 | 3988.36 | **+8.74%** | 1.7% | 3.0% |  |
| 18 | `test_selfdestruct_existing[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 477.02 | 518.63 | **+8.72%** | 1.5% | 1.2% |  |
| 19 | `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value, out of gas @ 100M` | 235.34 | 255.42 | **+8.53%** | 1.3% | 1.4% |  |
| 20 | `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 86817.27 | 94163.31 | **+8.46%** | 2.7% | 4.2% |  |

## Top 20 Regressions

| # | Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|---|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| 1 | `test_jumpdests[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 210.06 | 164.26 | **-21.80%** | 35.9% | 43.2% | :warning: |
| 2 | `test_jumps[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 381.67 | 312.20 | **-18.20%** | 30.6% | 19.1% | :warning: |
| 3 | `test_jumpi_fallthrough[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 382.80 | 314.99 | **-17.71%** | 30.1% | 17.1% | :warning: |
| 4 | `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 191.59 | 161.45 | **-15.73%** | 24.3% | 27.6% | :warning: |
| 5 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP3 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 166.67 | **-14.33%** | 23.2% | 13.7% | :warning: |
| 6 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP16 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 167.24 | **-14.03%** | 23.8% | 13.6% | :warning: |
| 7 | `test_arithmetic[opcode_SMOD- @ 100M` | 339.31 | 292.08 | **-13.92%** | 21.7% | 27.8% | :warning: |
| 8 | `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD- @ 100M` | 359.76 | 310.10 | **-13.80%** | 20.5% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| 9 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP7 @ 100M` | 194.43 | 167.62 | **-13.79%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |
| 10 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP6 @ 100M` | 195.07 | 168.39 | **-13.68%** | 23.8% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| 11 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP11 @ 100M` | 194.62 | 168.29 | **-13.53%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |
| 12 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP5 @ 100M` | 194.25 | 168.12 | **-13.45%** | 23.9% | 14.0% | :warning: |
| 13 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP4 @ 100M` | 194.11 | 168.19 | **-13.36%** | 23.9% | 14.1% | :warning: |
| 14 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP8 @ 100M` | 193.84 | 168.02 | **-13.32%** | 24.4% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| 15 | `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 190.02 | 164.72 | **-13.32%** | 24.3% | 29.7% | :warning: |
| 16 | `test_jumpis[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 163.98 | 142.18 | **-13.29%** | 33.2% | 5.7% | :warning: |
| 17 | `test_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD- @ 100M` | 346.57 | 300.98 | **-13.15%** | 20.0% | 24.4% | :warning: |
| 18 | `test_iszero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 159.01 | 138.18 | **-13.10%** | 30.2% | 3.8% | :warning: |
| 19 | `test_swap[opcode_SWAP9 @ 100M` | 192.85 | 167.82 | **-12.98%** | 24.1% | 14.2% | :warning: |
| 20 | `test_dup[opcode_DUP9 @ 100M` | 215.74 | 188.01 | **-12.85%** | 20.9% | 25.0% | :warning: |

## Anomalous Tests (High Variance Between Rounds)

These 88 tests had coefficient of variation > 15.0% between rounds on at least one side. Results may be unreliable.

| Test | Ctrl Rounds | Opt Rounds | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Change |
|------|------------|-----------|--------:|-------:|-------:|
| `test_jump_benchmark[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 103.06, 55.41, 54.66, 132.63, 54.56 | 80.42, 102.73, 54.82, 55.00, 102.13 | 45.0% | 30.1% | -1.30% |
| `test_jumpdests[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 87.74, 214.54, 226.86, 294.62, 226.52 | 221.51, 88.20, 193.46, 230.40, 87.72 | 35.9% | 43.2% | -21.80% |
| `test_jumpis[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 150.96, 135.94, 135.47, 260.60, 136.93 | 136.30, 151.34, 135.15, 137.49, 150.63 | 33.2% | 5.7% | -13.29% |
| `test_jumps[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 248.59, 368.78, 350.90, 570.02, 370.04 | 363.30, 247.10, 347.16, 356.34, 247.11 | 30.6% | 19.1% | -18.20% |
| `test_iszero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 140.89, 136.67, 136.65, 244.70, 136.13 | 133.56, 143.44, 133.65, 136.18, 144.05 | 30.2% | 3.8% | -13.10% |
| `test_jumpi_fallthrough[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 260.48, 359.21, 360.69, 574.40, 359.21 | 354.35, 251.60, 351.13, 356.91, 260.94 | 30.1% | 17.1% | -17.71% |
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 114.34, 202.31, 193.06, 240.47, 199.93 | 201.30, 113.35, 198.37, 201.53, 109.04 | 24.3% | 29.7% | -13.32% |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SMOD- @ 100M` | 209.41, 376.71, 364.02, 388.58, 357.84 | 357.21, 204.47, 320.67, 371.57, 206.47 | 21.7% | 27.8% | -13.92% |
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 114.05, 202.06, 202.23, 240.16, 199.45 | 198.54, 113.54, 190.00, 193.09, 112.09 | 24.3% | 27.6% | -15.73% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP10 @ 100M` | 142.48, 185.72, 189.11, 269.39, 154.35 | 186.51, 143.65, 176.76, 188.65, 143.67 | 26.3% | 13.4% | -10.82% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP5 @ 100M` | 136.58, 235.31, 235.61, 241.80, 222.32 | 228.60, 140.36, 196.64, 237.61, 138.23 | 20.5% | 25.1% | -12.15% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP13 @ 100M` | 136.69, 237.14, 236.74, 244.88, 222.63 | 229.90, 140.30, 196.25, 235.96, 138.15 | 20.8% | 25.1% | -12.76% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP16 @ 100M` | 136.33, 237.30, 235.84, 245.39, 221.79 | 229.65, 140.31, 196.13, 235.79, 138.07 | 20.9% | 25.0% | -12.70% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP11 @ 100M` | 136.00, 235.40, 235.27, 241.64, 222.19 | 229.80, 140.18, 196.10, 235.13, 138.12 | 20.7% | 25.0% | -12.25% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP9 @ 100M` | 136.59, 238.26, 236.14, 245.08, 222.61 | 229.77, 140.39, 195.93, 235.68, 138.27 | 20.9% | 25.0% | -12.85% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP7 @ 100M` | 136.34, 236.38, 235.27, 241.99, 222.85 | 229.27, 140.31, 196.74, 235.62, 138.08 | 20.6% | 25.0% | -12.38% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP15 @ 100M` | 136.39, 238.11, 235.88, 244.85, 222.06 | 229.77, 140.36, 196.64, 235.09, 138.23 | 20.9% | 24.9% | -12.74% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP1 @ 100M` | 136.30, 238.43, 236.20, 245.09, 222.30 | 228.75, 140.45, 197.00, 236.30, 138.48 | 20.9% | 24.9% | -12.74% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP6 @ 100M` | 136.83, 237.68, 235.68, 244.60, 222.40 | 229.53, 140.35, 196.04, 235.50, 138.56 | 20.7% | 24.9% | -12.74% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP14 @ 100M` | 136.78, 234.78, 235.91, 244.80, 221.99 | 229.28, 140.18, 196.71, 234.93, 138.30 | 20.7% | 24.9% | -12.55% |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD- @ 100M` | 229.86, 391.19, 389.01, 413.31, 375.42 | 372.94, 229.30, 333.89, 386.92, 227.45 | 20.5% | 24.9% | -13.80% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP10 @ 100M` | 136.51, 236.43, 235.29, 244.36, 221.22 | 228.77, 140.13, 196.13, 235.27, 138.52 | 20.7% | 24.8% | -12.57% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP12 @ 100M` | 135.80, 235.93, 235.68, 243.54, 221.16 | 228.67, 140.19, 195.93, 234.99, 138.30 | 20.8% | 24.8% | -12.50% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP3 @ 100M` | 136.30, 236.47, 234.41, 243.26, 221.41 | 227.92, 140.45, 195.35, 235.10, 138.17 | 20.7% | 24.8% | -12.58% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP8 @ 100M` | 136.26, 234.67, 235.09, 243.08, 220.92 | 228.93, 140.15, 195.90, 233.82, 138.27 | 20.6% | 24.7% | -12.43% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP2 @ 100M` | 136.40, 235.51, 234.45, 243.88, 221.29 | 228.43, 140.35, 196.24, 234.40, 138.28 | 20.7% | 24.7% | -12.49% |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP4 @ 100M` | 136.22, 236.17, 234.76, 243.54, 220.78 | 227.86, 140.12, 194.98, 234.06, 138.10 | 20.7% | 24.7% | -12.73% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP15 @ 100M` | 142.75, 181.66, 182.94, 270.86, 186.13 | 187.09, 140.72, 180.58, 188.45, 144.33 | 24.4% | 14.1% | -12.77% |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH0 @ 100M` | 106.16, 172.54, 172.81, 187.03, 173.85 | 172.89, 108.27, 173.62, 175.99, 108.42 | 19.7% | 24.4% | -9.01% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP8 @ 100M` | 141.07, 186.78, 187.60, 270.90, 182.83 | 185.91, 143.33, 178.43, 188.56, 143.87 | 24.4% | 13.5% | -13.32% |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD- @ 100M` | 224.45, 377.89, 378.53, 391.62, 360.35 | 360.63, 224.17, 322.05, 375.12, 222.93 | 20.0% | 24.4% | -13.15% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP9 @ 100M` | 143.18, 181.98, 183.05, 269.60, 186.44 | 186.55, 140.40, 179.21, 189.30, 143.66 | 24.1% | 14.2% | -12.98% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP4 @ 100M` | 142.49, 185.81, 188.25, 269.88, 184.14 | 186.99, 143.66, 180.41, 188.50, 141.37 | 23.9% | 14.1% | -13.36% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP5 @ 100M` | 143.00, 186.62, 188.61, 270.14, 182.87 | 186.78, 143.90, 180.25, 188.38, 141.27 | 23.9% | 14.0% | -13.45% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP6 @ 100M` | 142.52, 186.29, 189.26, 270.60, 186.66 | 186.78, 143.93, 179.20, 188.42, 143.60 | 23.8% | 13.5% | -13.68% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP7 @ 100M` | 141.98, 186.59, 188.13, 269.69, 185.77 | 185.16, 143.49, 177.97, 188.07, 143.39 | 23.8% | 13.3% | -13.79% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP2 @ 100M` | 142.40, 180.92, 182.81, 267.24, 186.39 | 185.66, 140.65, 178.68, 189.02, 144.27 | 23.8% | 13.9% | -12.66% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP16 @ 100M` | 142.57, 186.43, 187.63, 269.97, 186.10 | 181.42, 143.84, 180.33, 189.24, 141.38 | 23.8% | 13.6% | -14.03% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP14 @ 100M` | 142.50, 181.55, 183.39, 267.51, 186.07 | 186.87, 140.56, 180.20, 188.86, 143.49 | 23.8% | 14.3% | -12.59% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP11 @ 100M` | 142.33, 186.46, 188.33, 269.75, 186.23 | 186.62, 143.90, 178.54, 188.22, 144.19 | 23.8% | 13.3% | -13.53% |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADD- @ 100M` | 60.49, 46.28, 46.08, 74.50, 45.81 | 45.26, 60.56, 44.66, 46.13, 59.62 | 23.3% | 15.8% | -6.20% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP3 @ 100M` | 143.22, 187.10, 188.21, 267.87, 186.30 | 180.87, 142.90, 179.66, 188.84, 141.09 | 23.2% | 13.7% | -14.33% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP12 @ 100M` | 141.03, 186.57, 187.84, 260.51, 186.30 | 186.89, 143.62, 179.66, 188.80, 144.18 | 22.3% | 13.5% | -12.38% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP1 @ 100M` | 141.35, 185.75, 188.08, 259.41, 185.70 | 185.40, 143.83, 178.31, 188.14, 143.68 | 22.1% | 13.3% | -12.59% |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP13 @ 100M` | 141.35, 186.20, 188.65, 258.89, 182.93 | 186.55, 143.66, 179.64, 189.39, 144.31 | 22.1% | 13.5% | -11.95% |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 85976.02, 86543.67, 87823.30, 86416.45, 89216.41 | 51648.89, 93427.64, 90912.48, 93606.05, 83000.36 | 1.5% | 21.6% | -5.36% |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 87031.67, 88782.19, 91027.09, 92084.59, 90952.83 | 100561.63, 55337.19, 96952.21, 97171.34, 89600.03 | 2.3% | 21.2% | -2.28% |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 51335.81, 89200.09, 90435.38, 91135.60, 89493.38 | 96231.29, 93578.37, 94499.83, 94033.66, 86270.26 | 21.1% | 4.1% | +12.88% |
| `test_blobhash[no_blobs @ 100M` | 98.77, 91.22, 93.17, 142.02, 92.31 | 91.77, 99.06, 94.18, 92.87, 100.69 | 21.0% | 4.1% | -7.52% |
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_ORIGIN @ 100M` | 84.98, 77.08, 78.68, 120.21, 78.35 | 78.96, 85.46, 78.70, 79.14, 86.40 | 20.9% | 4.7% | -6.97% |
| ... and 38 more | | | | | |

## Summary by Opcode

| Opcode | Tests | Stable | Mean Change | Median Change | Min | Max |
|--------|------:|-------:|------------:|--------------:|----:|----:|
| SELFDESTRUCT_EXISTING | 2 | 2 | +7.92% | +7.92% | +7.12% | +8.72% |
| REVERT | 5 | 5 | +7.15% | +10.09% | -2.25% | +13.20% |
| STORAGE_ACCESS_COLD | 17 | 17 | +5.04% | +5.14% | -0.77% | +11.00% |
| STATICCALL | 9 | 9 | +4.95% | +4.54% | +3.54% | +8.76% |
| CREATE | 11 | 11 | +4.56% | +4.96% | -0.38% | +8.74% |
| DELEGATECALL | 9 | 9 | +4.52% | +3.75% | +3.40% | +10.24% |
| EXTCODECOPY | 1 | 1 | +4.46% | +4.46% | +4.46% | +4.46% |
| BLOCK_FULL_OF_ETHER_TRANSFERS | 10 | 10 | +3.62% | +4.58% | -0.20% | +6.78% |
| IDENTITY_FIXED_SIZE | 4 | 4 | +3.51% | +3.45% | +3.16% | +3.97% |
| CALL | 9 | 9 | +3.41% | +3.20% | +2.87% | +5.56% |
| SELFDESTRUCT_INITCODE | 2 | 2 | +3.11% | +3.11% | +2.96% | +3.26% |
| BLAKE2F | 5 | 5 | +2.92% | +3.64% | -0.04% | +4.05% |
| AUTH_TRANSACTION | 4 | 4 | +2.70% | +2.60% | +1.41% | +4.17% |
| CODESIZE | 1 | 1 | +2.68% | +2.68% | +2.68% | +2.68% |
| SHA256_FIXED_SIZE | 4 | 4 | +2.61% | +2.76% | +1.15% | +3.79% |
| CALLCODE | 9 | 9 | +2.59% | +3.16% | -1.88% | +3.51% |
| RIPEMD160_FIXED_SIZE | 4 | 4 | +2.46% | +2.57% | +0.80% | +3.89% |
| SELFDESTRUCT_CREATED | 2 | 2 | +2.30% | +2.30% | +2.27% | +2.34% |
| IDENTITY | 1 | 1 | +2.12% | +2.12% | +2.12% | +2.12% |
| BLS12_G1_MSM | 4 | 4 | +1.92% | +0.27% | +0.13% | +7.02% |
| CREATE2 | 11 | 11 | +1.91% | +1.27% | -3.94% | +11.62% |
| RETURN | 5 | 5 | +1.87% | +2.89% | -0.42% | +3.39% |
| ALT_BN128 | 25 | 25 | +1.77% | +0.16% | -0.04% | +8.93% |
| CODECOPY | 30 | 30 | +1.77% | +1.62% | +0.05% | +4.74% |
| BALANCE | 10 | 10 | +1.29% | -0.69% | -2.34% | +13.46% |
| MODEXP | 89 | 88 | +1.25% | +0.82% | -0.80% | +5.70% |
| PUSH24 | 1 | 1 | +1.05% | +1.05% | +1.05% | +1.05% |
| STORAGE_ACCESS_WARM | 6 | 6 | +1.02% | -0.79% | -2.32% | +7.43% |
| JUMPDEST_ANALYSIS | 6 | 6 | +0.79% | +0.58% | +0.41% | +2.02% |
| PUSH28 | 1 | 1 | +0.76% | +0.76% | +0.76% | +0.76% |
| P256VERIFY | 3 | 3 | +0.73% | +0.15% | +0.11% | +1.93% |
| PUSH30 | 1 | 1 | +0.57% | +0.57% | +0.57% | +0.57% |
| PUSH4 | 1 | 1 | +0.57% | +0.57% | +0.57% | +0.57% |
| BLS12_G2_MSM | 4 | 4 | +0.56% | +0.33% | +0.15% | +1.43% |
| BLOCK_FULL_DATA | 2 | 2 | +0.55% | +0.55% | +0.13% | +0.98% |
| TLOAD | 4 | 4 | +0.55% | +0.24% | -2.41% | +4.10% |
| PUSH3 | 1 | 1 | +0.54% | +0.54% | +0.54% | +0.54% |
| PUSH16 | 1 | 1 | +0.52% | +0.52% | +0.52% | +0.52% |
| EXP | 1 | 1 | +0.52% | +0.52% | +0.52% | +0.52% |
| PUSH14 | 1 | 1 | +0.49% | +0.49% | +0.49% | +0.49% |
| PUSH2 | 1 | 1 | +0.49% | +0.49% | +0.49% | +0.49% |
| PUSH29 | 1 | 1 | +0.48% | +0.48% | +0.48% | +0.48% |
| PUSH12 | 1 | 1 | +0.48% | +0.48% | +0.48% | +0.48% |
| PUSH23 | 1 | 1 | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% |
| PUSH1 | 1 | 1 | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% |
| PUSH26 | 1 | 1 | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% | +0.47% |
| PUSH31 | 1 | 1 | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% |
| PUSH15 | 1 | 1 | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% |
| PUSH27 | 1 | 1 | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% |
| PUSH25 | 1 | 1 | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% | +0.46% |
| PUSH19 | 1 | 1 | +0.45% | +0.45% | +0.45% | +0.45% |
| PUSH18 | 1 | 1 | +0.44% | +0.44% | +0.44% | +0.44% |
| PUSH20 | 1 | 1 | +0.43% | +0.43% | +0.43% | +0.43% |
| PUSH17 | 1 | 1 | +0.43% | +0.43% | +0.43% | +0.43% |
| PUSH8 | 1 | 1 | +0.42% | +0.42% | +0.42% | +0.42% |
| PUSH13 | 1 | 1 | +0.41% | +0.41% | +0.41% | +0.41% |
| PUSH21 | 1 | 1 | +0.40% | +0.40% | +0.40% | +0.40% |
| PUSH9 | 1 | 1 | +0.40% | +0.40% | +0.40% | +0.40% |
| PUSH6 | 1 | 1 | +0.39% | +0.39% | +0.39% | +0.39% |
| PUSH7 | 1 | 1 | +0.37% | +0.37% | +0.37% | +0.37% |
| PUSH10 | 1 | 1 | +0.35% | +0.35% | +0.35% | +0.35% |
| PUSH11 | 1 | 1 | +0.31% | +0.31% | +0.31% | +0.31% |
| PUSH5 | 1 | 1 | +0.31% | +0.31% | +0.31% | +0.31% |
| PUSH22 | 1 | 1 | +0.30% | +0.30% | +0.30% | +0.30% |
| ECRECOVER | 1 | 1 | +0.29% | +0.29% | +0.29% | +0.29% |
| EXTCODEHASH | 9 | 9 | +0.21% | -0.70% | -1.14% | +7.27% |
| CALLDATALOAD | 8 | 8 | +0.16% | -0.21% | -0.79% | +1.56% |
| BLS12_381 | 7 | 7 | +0.12% | +0.13% | -3.22% | +2.28% |
| BN128_PAIRINGS_AMORTIZED | 1 | 1 | +0.07% | +0.07% | +0.07% | +0.07% |
| BLS12_PAIRING | 5 | 5 | +0.06% | +0.08% | +0.00% | +0.09% |
| RIPEMD160 | 1 | 1 | +0.06% | +0.06% | +0.06% | +0.06% |
| KECCAK_MAX_PERMUTATIONS | 1 | 1 | +0.05% | +0.05% | +0.05% | +0.05% |
| EMPTY_BLOCK | 1 | 1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| SHA256 | 1 | 1 | -0.04% | -0.04% | -0.04% | -0.04% |
| PUSH32 | 1 | 1 | -0.14% | -0.14% | -0.14% | -0.14% |
| POINT_EVALUATION | 1 | 1 | -0.19% | -0.19% | -0.19% | -0.19% |
| LOG4 | 28 | 24 | -0.42% | -1.94% | -5.52% | +8.46% |
| EXTCODESIZE | 9 | 9 | -0.42% | -0.55% | -1.70% | +1.91% |
| MSIZE | 5 | 5 | -0.91% | -1.68% | -1.79% | +1.66% |
| NUMBER | 1 | 1 | -0.99% | -0.99% | -0.99% | -0.99% |
| KECCAK | 9 | 9 | -1.08% | -1.11% | -1.48% | -0.75% |
| KECCAK_DIFF_MEM_MSG_SIZES | 16 | 16 | -1.20% | -1.38% | -2.02% | -0.22% |
| GASLIMIT | 1 | 1 | -1.23% | -1.23% | -1.23% | -1.23% |
| JUMP | 1 | 0 | -1.30% | -1.30% | -1.30% | -1.30% |
| LOG3 | 28 | 25 | -1.31% | -2.41% | -6.64% | +5.00% |
| LOG0 | 28 | 27 | -1.32% | -2.54% | -7.43% | +5.49% |
| SDIV | 2 | 2 | -1.36% | -1.36% | -1.37% | -1.34% |
| LOG2 | 28 | 26 | -1.41% | -2.54% | -6.01% | +5.38% |
| TIMESTAMP | 1 | 1 | -1.41% | -1.41% | -1.41% | -1.41% |
| CALLDATACOPY_FROM_CALL | 14 | 14 | -1.44% | -2.26% | -3.88% | +4.12% |
| EXTCODECOPY_WARM | 5 | 5 | -1.51% | -1.45% | -1.68% | -1.37% |
| TSTORE | 4 | 4 | -1.59% | -1.70% | -1.93% | -1.03% |
| MCOPY | 48 | 48 | -1.61% | -1.79% | -3.00% | +2.47% |
| LOG1 | 28 | 26 | -1.66% | -3.06% | -6.94% | +5.96% |
| MULMOD | 5 | 4 | -1.75% | -1.70% | -2.13% | -1.50% |
| DIV | 2 | 2 | -1.77% | -1.77% | -1.81% | -1.73% |
| RETURNDATASIZE_ZERO | 1 | 1 | -1.94% | -1.94% | -1.94% | -1.94% |
| CALLDATACOPY_FROM_ORIGIN | 48 | 48 | -1.99% | -2.37% | -4.39% | +0.90% |
| PC_OP | 1 | 1 | -2.11% | -2.11% | -2.11% | -2.11% |
| SELFBALANCE | 2 | 2 | -2.35% | -2.35% | -2.90% | -1.80% |
| GAS_OP | 1 | 1 | -2.37% | -2.37% | -2.37% | -2.37% |
| SMOD | 5 | 4 | -2.38% | -2.39% | -2.59% | -2.17% |
| MUL | 1 | 1 | -2.49% | -2.49% | -2.49% | -2.49% |
| ADDMOD | 5 | 4 | -2.51% | -2.45% | -2.83% | -2.31% |
| SAR | 2 | 2 | -2.54% | -2.54% | -2.97% | -2.11% |
| CALLDATASIZE | 8 | 8 | -2.71% | -2.69% | -2.86% | -2.63% |
| RETURNDATACOPY | 48 | 48 | -3.37% | -3.84% | -7.00% | +5.14% |
| MOD | 5 | 5 | -3.39% | -3.10% | -4.56% | -2.77% |
| CLZ_SAME | 1 | 1 | -4.11% | -4.11% | -4.11% | -4.11% |
| NOT_OP | 1 | 1 | -4.12% | -4.12% | -4.12% | -4.12% |
| BLOBBASEFEE | 1 | 0 | -4.38% | -4.38% | -4.38% | -4.38% |
| XOR | 1 | 1 | -4.81% | -4.81% | -4.81% | -4.81% |
| SHR | 2 | 2 | -4.85% | -4.85% | -5.33% | -4.38% |
| AND | 1 | 1 | -5.02% | -5.02% | -5.02% | -5.02% |
| CALLVALUE_FROM_CALL | 2 | 0 | -5.07% | -5.07% | -5.08% | -5.07% |
| OR | 1 | 1 | -5.11% | -5.11% | -5.11% | -5.11% |
| SHL | 1 | 1 | -5.29% | -5.29% | -5.29% | -5.29% |
| MSTORE | 30 | 30 | -5.33% | -5.31% | -5.77% | -5.07% |
| CALLER | 1 | 0 | -5.47% | -5.47% | -5.47% | -5.47% |
| CHAINID | 1 | 0 | -5.61% | -5.61% | -5.61% | -5.61% |
| SIGNEXTEND | 1 | 1 | -5.76% | -5.76% | -5.76% | -5.76% |
| PREVRANDAO | 1 | 0 | -5.77% | -5.77% | -5.77% | -5.77% |
| ADDRESS | 1 | 0 | -5.77% | -5.77% | -5.77% | -5.77% |
| BASEFEE | 1 | 0 | -5.87% | -5.87% | -5.87% | -5.87% |
| COINBASE | 1 | 0 | -5.97% | -5.97% | -5.97% | -5.97% |
| ADD | 1 | 0 | -6.20% | -6.20% | -6.20% | -6.20% |
| SUB | 1 | 1 | -6.31% | -6.31% | -6.31% | -6.31% |
| RETURNDATASIZE_NONZERO | 12 | 0 | -6.49% | -6.51% | -6.79% | -5.66% |
| MLOAD | 30 | 30 | -6.50% | -6.46% | -8.11% | -5.63% |
| CLZ_DIFF | 1 | 0 | -6.80% | -6.80% | -6.80% | -6.80% |
| ORIGIN | 1 | 0 | -6.97% | -6.97% | -6.97% | -6.97% |
| EQ | 1 | 1 | -7.11% | -7.11% | -7.11% | -7.11% |
| BLOBHASH | 2 | 0 | -7.12% | -7.12% | -7.52% | -6.72% |
| GASPRICE | 1 | 0 | -7.19% | -7.19% | -7.19% | -7.19% |
| SGT | 1 | 0 | -7.35% | -7.35% | -7.35% | -7.35% |
| MSTORE8 | 30 | 30 | -7.51% | -7.44% | -8.03% | -7.18% |
| SLT | 1 | 0 | -7.66% | -7.66% | -7.66% | -7.66% |
| LT | 1 | 0 | -7.97% | -7.97% | -7.97% | -7.97% |
| GT | 1 | 0 | -8.19% | -8.19% | -8.19% | -8.19% |
| BYTE | 1 | 1 | -8.27% | -8.27% | -8.27% | -8.27% |
| PUSH0 | 1 | 0 | -9.01% | -9.01% | -9.01% | -9.01% |
| SWAP10 | 1 | 0 | -10.82% | -10.82% | -10.82% | -10.82% |
| SWAP13 | 1 | 0 | -11.95% | -11.95% | -11.95% | -11.95% |
| DUP5 | 1 | 0 | -12.15% | -12.15% | -12.15% | -12.15% |
| DUP11 | 1 | 0 | -12.25% | -12.25% | -12.25% | -12.25% |
| SWAP12 | 1 | 0 | -12.38% | -12.38% | -12.38% | -12.38% |
| DUP7 | 1 | 0 | -12.38% | -12.38% | -12.38% | -12.38% |
| DUP8 | 1 | 0 | -12.43% | -12.43% | -12.43% | -12.43% |
| DUP2 | 1 | 0 | -12.49% | -12.49% | -12.49% | -12.49% |
| DUP12 | 1 | 0 | -12.50% | -12.50% | -12.50% | -12.50% |
| DUP14 | 1 | 0 | -12.55% | -12.55% | -12.55% | -12.55% |
| DUP10 | 1 | 0 | -12.57% | -12.57% | -12.57% | -12.57% |
| DUP3 | 1 | 0 | -12.58% | -12.58% | -12.58% | -12.58% |
| SWAP1 | 1 | 0 | -12.59% | -12.59% | -12.59% | -12.59% |
| SWAP14 | 1 | 0 | -12.59% | -12.59% | -12.59% | -12.59% |
| SWAP2 | 1 | 0 | -12.66% | -12.66% | -12.66% | -12.66% |
| DUP16 | 1 | 0 | -12.70% | -12.70% | -12.70% | -12.70% |
| DUP4 | 1 | 0 | -12.73% | -12.73% | -12.73% | -12.73% |
| DUP15 | 1 | 0 | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% |
| DUP1 | 1 | 0 | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% |
| DUP6 | 1 | 0 | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% | -12.74% |
| DUP13 | 1 | 0 | -12.76% | -12.76% | -12.76% | -12.76% |
| SWAP15 | 1 | 0 | -12.77% | -12.77% | -12.77% | -12.77% |
| DUP9 | 1 | 0 | -12.85% | -12.85% | -12.85% | -12.85% |
| SWAP9 | 1 | 0 | -12.98% | -12.98% | -12.98% | -12.98% |
| ISZERO | 1 | 0 | -13.10% | -13.10% | -13.10% | -13.10% |
| JUMPIS | 1 | 0 | -13.29% | -13.29% | -13.29% | -13.29% |
| SWAP8 | 1 | 0 | -13.32% | -13.32% | -13.32% | -13.32% |
| SWAP4 | 1 | 0 | -13.36% | -13.36% | -13.36% | -13.36% |
| SWAP5 | 1 | 0 | -13.45% | -13.45% | -13.45% | -13.45% |
| SWAP11 | 1 | 0 | -13.53% | -13.53% | -13.53% | -13.53% |
| SWAP6 | 1 | 0 | -13.68% | -13.68% | -13.68% | -13.68% |
| SWAP7 | 1 | 0 | -13.79% | -13.79% | -13.79% | -13.79% |
| SWAP16 | 1 | 0 | -14.03% | -14.03% | -14.03% | -14.03% |
| SWAP3 | 1 | 0 | -14.33% | -14.33% | -14.33% | -14.33% |
| CALLVALUE_FROM_ORIGIN | 2 | 0 | -14.52% | -14.52% | -15.73% | -13.32% |
| JUMPI_FALLTHROUGH | 1 | 0 | -17.71% | -17.71% | -17.71% | -17.71% |
| JUMPS | 1 | 0 | -18.20% | -18.20% | -18.20% | -18.20% |
| JUMPDESTS | 1 | 0 | -21.80% | -21.80% | -21.80% | -21.80% |

## Detailed Results by Test File

### test_account_query.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_account_query.py`  
**Tests**: 96 | **Mean change** (stable): +1.69% | **Median change** (stable): +1.74%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_selfbalance[contract_balance_0 @ 100M` | 110.59 | 107.38 | -2.90% | 8.0% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 320.21 | 312.71 | -2.34% | 3.0% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_selfbalance[contract_balance_1 @ 100M` | 110.25 | 108.27 | -1.80% | 7.9% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 319.06 | 313.63 | -1.70% | 3.3% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_0 @ 100M` | 227.33 | 223.51 | -1.68% | 3.3% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_256 @ 100M` | 271.94 | 267.54 | -1.62% | 3.6% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_512 @ 100M` | 311.44 | 306.92 | -1.45% | 3.1% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_1024 @ 100M` | 406.14 | 400.25 | -1.45% | 3.3% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_32 @ 100M` | 230.10 | 226.94 | -1.37% | 3.5% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 206.24 | 203.56 | -1.30% | 1.9% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 316.35 | 312.74 | -1.14% | 3.4% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 205.42 | 203.22 | -1.07% | 2.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 199.21 | 197.19 | -1.01% | 1.6% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.54 | 203.64 | -0.92% | 2.2% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.27 | 200.44 | -0.90% | 2.0% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.17 | 200.48 | -0.83% | 1.5% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.80 | 204.18 | -0.79% | 2.0% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.50 | 204.04 | -0.71% | 2.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.18 | 203.75 | -0.70% | 2.1% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.18 | 200.77 | -0.69% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.44 | 201.07 | -0.68% | 2.9% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.49 | 201.26 | -0.60% | 1.8% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.38 | 201.25 | -0.56% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.87 | 197.78 | -0.55% | 1.5% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 201.55 | 200.50 | -0.52% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.21 | 201.30 | -0.45% | 1.4% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 205.13 | 204.40 | -0.36% | 2.6% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.09 | 197.41 | -0.35% | 1.7% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 201.68 | 201.06 | -0.31% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 204.38 | 203.83 | -0.27% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.22 | 197.85 | -0.19% | 2.1% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 199.90 | 200.00 | +0.05% | 1.5% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 201.56 | 201.91 | +0.17% | 1.3% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0 bytes @ 100M` | 100.05 | 100.57 | +0.52% | 0.9% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 4842.50 | 4873.54 | +0.64% | 0.9% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 199.49 | 200.89 | +0.70% | 1.6% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-max code size @ 100M` | 829.83 | 837.75 | +0.95% | 1.2% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 4800.60 | 4846.83 | +0.96% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 200.06 | 202.02 | +0.98% | 1.4% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 4819.66 | 4868.56 | +1.01% | 0.5% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.25x max code size @ 100M` | 684.55 | 691.82 | +1.06% | 3.7% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.25x max code size @ 100M` | 524.96 | 532.25 | +1.39% | 0.5% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.75x max code size @ 100M` | 925.79 | 939.78 | +1.51% | 1.1% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.50x max code size @ 100M` | 713.04 | 723.98 | +1.53% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 110.43 | 112.14 | +1.55% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 110.42 | 112.17 | +1.58% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 110.26 | 112.10 | +1.66% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 4776.73 | 4857.95 | +1.70% | 1.2% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 90.60 | 92.20 | +1.77% | 1.7% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 110.32 | 112.44 | +1.92% | 1.2% | 2.3% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0 bytes @ 100M` | 68.40 | 69.73 | +1.93% | 1.6% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 90.60 | 92.37 | +1.96% | 1.7% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 90.66 | 92.45 | +1.98% | 1.8% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-max code size @ 100M` | 4269.28 | 4360.18 | +2.13% | 1.2% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 89.79 | 91.72 | +2.14% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.75x max code size @ 100M` | 1097.79 | 1126.92 | +2.65% | 3.0% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_codesize[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 50.08 | 51.43 | +2.68% | 2.9% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.38 | 57.96 | +2.79% | 2.6% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.20 | 59.87 | +2.87% | 2.8% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 60.03 | 61.77 | +2.90% | 2.6% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.18 | 57.83 | +2.94% | 2.7% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.50x max code size @ 100M` | 946.36 | 974.20 | +2.94% | 5.2% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.29 | 57.96 | +2.96% | 2.7% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.72 | 60.52 | +3.07% | 3.4% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.90 | 59.70 | +3.12% | 2.7% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.05 | 56.79 | +3.16% | 2.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.43 | 59.27 | +3.20% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 256.05 | 264.38 | +3.25% | 2.8% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 257.78 | 266.17 | +3.26% | 2.6% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.38 | 57.18 | +3.26% | 2.6% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.29 | 57.10 | +3.26% | 2.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.72 | 60.64 | +3.26% | 3.2% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 63.29 | 65.41 | +3.35% | 3.4% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.75 | 59.69 | +3.36% | 2.8% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 59.77 | 61.79 | +3.38% | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.26 | 62.30 | +3.40% | 2.9% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.12 | 57.06 | +3.51% | 2.4% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 68.50 | 70.92 | +3.54% | 3.1% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 61.28 | 63.47 | +3.58% | 3.1% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.19 | 62.35 | +3.59% | 3.1% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.13 | 62.29 | +3.61% | 2.7% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.74 | 63.02 | +3.75% | 3.0% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.57 | 62.85 | +3.77% | 2.8% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 59.83 | 62.15 | +3.87% | 2.6% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.69 | 70.33 | +3.90% | 3.4% | 5.0% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 254.72 | 265.70 | +4.31% | 2.9% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 70.25 | 73.28 | +4.31% | 3.2% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.00 | 69.93 | +4.38% | 3.1% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 69.35 | 72.50 | +4.54% | 3.4% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.33 | 70.46 | +4.65% | 3.0% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 254.58 | 266.64 | +4.74% | 3.2% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 69.52 | 72.94 | +4.91% | 3.7% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 68.39 | 71.81 | +4.99% | 3.0% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 69.81 | 73.63 | **+5.48%** | 3.0% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_cold[absent_accounts_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 547.27 | 587.73 | **+7.39%** | 2.4% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_cold[absent_accounts_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 197.81 | 224.42 | **+13.46%** | 3.3% | 3.6% |  |

### test_arithmetic.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_arithmetic.py`  
**Tests**: 29 | **Mean change** (stable): -2.55% | **Median change** (stable): -2.40% | **Anomalies**: 4

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SMOD- @ 100M` | 339.31 | 292.08 | **-13.92%** | 21.7% | 27.8% | :warning: |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD- @ 100M` | 359.76 | 310.10 | **-13.80%** | 20.5% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD- @ 100M` | 346.57 | 300.98 | **-13.15%** | 20.0% | 24.4% | :warning: |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SUB- @ 100M` | 45.28 | 42.42 | **-6.31%** | 10.8% | 9.3% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADD- @ 100M` | 54.63 | 51.25 | **-6.20%** | 23.3% | 15.8% | :warning: |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SIGNEXTEND- @ 100M` | 122.93 | 115.85 | **-5.76%** | 9.5% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MOD- @ 100M` | 65.85 | 62.85 | -4.56% | 5.5% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 44.09 | 42.49 | -3.63% | 4.9% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 40.05 | 38.81 | -3.10% | 4.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 46.29 | 44.96 | -2.89% | 4.7% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 49.89 | 48.48 | -2.83% | 4.2% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 36.87 | 35.85 | -2.77% | 3.8% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 35.67 | 34.74 | -2.59% | 4.0% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 43.84 | 42.75 | -2.50% | 3.6% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MUL- @ 100M` | 46.28 | 45.13 | -2.49% | 4.5% | 5.2% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 32.86 | 32.06 | -2.43% | 3.5% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 45.92 | 44.82 | -2.40% | 3.6% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 37.33 | 36.45 | -2.35% | 4.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 49.64 | 48.49 | -2.31% | 3.8% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 30.78 | 30.11 | -2.17% | 3.4% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 33.62 | 32.90 | -2.13% | 2.8% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_DIV-0 @ 100M` | 44.37 | 43.57 | -1.81% | 4.0% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_DIV-1 @ 100M` | 44.70 | 43.93 | -1.73% | 4.1% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 29.12 | 28.62 | -1.70% | 2.7% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 29.04 | 28.55 | -1.69% | 2.5% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 29.16 | 28.72 | -1.50% | 2.6% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SDIV-0 @ 100M` | 37.82 | 37.30 | -1.37% | 2.9% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SDIV-1 @ 100M` | 37.29 | 36.80 | -1.34% | 2.9% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_EXP- @ 100M` | 148.55 | 149.32 | +0.52% | 1.2% | 0.7% |  |

### test_bitwise.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_bitwise.py`  
**Tests**: 12 | **Mean change** (stable): -4.68% | **Median change** (stable): -4.81% | **Anomalies**: 1

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_BYTE- @ 100M` | 122.70 | 112.56 | **-8.27%** | 12.3% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_clz_diff[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 175.75 | 163.79 | **-6.80%** | 13.5% | 17.1% | :warning: |
| `test_shifts[opcode_SHR @ 100M` | 71.20 | 67.41 | **-5.33%** | 9.1% | 10.0% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SHL- @ 100M` | 66.57 | 63.04 | **-5.29%** | 9.6% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_OR- @ 100M` | 78.37 | 74.37 | **-5.11%** | 8.7% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_AND- @ 100M` | 78.28 | 74.35 | **-5.02%** | 8.6% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_XOR- @ 100M` | 78.19 | 74.42 | -4.81% | 8.3% | 10.0% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SHR- @ 100M` | 65.55 | 62.68 | -4.38% | 7.8% | 9.3% |  |
| `test_not_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 75.66 | 72.54 | -4.12% | 8.2% | 10.0% |  |
| `test_clz_same[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 190.28 | 182.46 | -4.11% | 8.5% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_shifts[opcode_SAR @ 100M` | 50.67 | 49.17 | -2.97% | 5.9% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SAR- @ 100M` | 44.32 | 43.38 | -2.11% | 6.5% | 7.9% |  |

### test_block_context.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_block_context.py`  
**Tests**: 8 | **Mean change** (stable): -1.21% | **Median change** (stable): -1.23% | **Anomalies**: 5

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_COINBASE @ 100M` | 112.99 | 106.25 | **-5.97%** | 15.2% | 19.9% | :warning: |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_BASEFEE @ 100M` | 106.22 | 99.98 | **-5.87%** | 12.4% | 15.8% | :warning: |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_PREVRANDAO @ 100M` | 111.07 | 104.66 | **-5.77%** | 15.1% | 19.3% | :warning: |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_CHAINID @ 100M` | 116.41 | 109.88 | **-5.61%** | 15.9% | 20.8% | :warning: |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_BLOBBASEFEE @ 100M` | 110.57 | 105.73 | -4.38% | 14.4% | 20.1% | :warning: |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_TIMESTAMP @ 100M` | 60.51 | 59.66 | -1.41% | 6.4% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_GASLIMIT @ 100M` | 60.35 | 59.61 | -1.23% | 6.0% | 7.7% |  |
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_NUMBER @ 100M` | 60.33 | 59.73 | -0.99% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |

### test_call_context.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_call_context.py`  
**Tests**: 145 | **Mean change** (stable): -2.36% | **Median change** (stable): -2.67% | **Anomalies**: 18

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 191.59 | 161.45 | **-15.73%** | 24.3% | 27.6% | :warning: |
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 190.02 | 164.72 | **-13.32%** | 24.3% | 29.7% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 70.11 | 65.20 | **-7.00%** | 7.8% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 6014.07 | 5600.93 | **-6.87%** | 6.7% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 108.14 | 100.80 | **-6.79%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 107.98 | 100.68 | **-6.77%** | 13.7% | 16.8% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 108.02 | 100.71 | **-6.77%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 108.11 | 100.83 | **-6.74%** | 14.0% | 16.5% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.91 | 100.73 | **-6.66%** | 13.9% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 70.04 | 65.42 | **-6.59%** | 7.9% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 107.87 | 100.82 | **-6.54%** | 13.9% | 16.7% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.74 | 100.75 | **-6.49%** | 13.9% | 16.4% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.92 | 100.94 | **-6.47%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.79 | 100.83 | **-6.46%** | 13.7% | 16.5% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.66 | 65.23 | **-6.37%** | 7.7% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.72 | 100.90 | **-6.33%** | 13.6% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.62 | 100.90 | **-6.24%** | 13.6% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.90 | 65.76 | **-5.92%** | 7.7% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_ADDRESS @ 100M` | 114.66 | 108.05 | **-5.77%** | 14.8% | 19.8% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.10 | 101.03 | **-5.66%** | 13.2% | 16.5% | :warning: |
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_CALLER @ 100M` | 112.90 | 106.72 | **-5.47%** | 14.9% | 19.7% | :warning: |
| `test_callvalue_from_call[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 454.68 | 431.59 | **-5.08%** | 14.4% | 20.0% | :warning: |
| `test_callvalue_from_call[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 112.80 | 107.08 | **-5.07%** | 14.3% | 20.3% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 84.34 | 80.09 | **-5.04%** | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 84.44 | 80.27 | -4.94% | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 84.33 | 80.17 | -4.93% | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 84.15 | 80.00 | -4.93% | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 76.70 | 73.09 | -4.71% | 7.2% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 198.90 | 189.98 | -4.48% | 6.9% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 90.01 | 86.06 | -4.39% | 10.1% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 198.48 | 189.77 | -4.39% | 7.0% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 77.24 | 73.86 | -4.38% | 7.5% | 9.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 200.39 | 191.76 | -4.31% | 7.1% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 89.86 | 86.01 | -4.28% | 10.0% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 77.12 | 73.82 | -4.28% | 7.4% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 89.95 | 86.12 | -4.25% | 10.0% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 76.45 | 73.20 | -4.25% | 7.6% | 10.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 89.84 | 86.12 | -4.15% | 10.0% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 135.58 | 129.99 | -4.12% | 5.0% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 580.90 | 556.98 | -4.12% | 6.7% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 89.86 | 86.17 | -4.10% | 10.1% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 359.32 | 344.63 | -4.09% | 4.8% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 198.57 | 190.58 | -4.02% | 6.9% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 579.77 | 557.03 | -3.92% | 6.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 579.43 | 556.70 | -3.92% | 6.5% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_0-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 89.06 | 85.60 | -3.88% | 10.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 579.76 | 557.31 | -3.87% | 6.9% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 66.40 | 63.84 | -3.85% | 5.5% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 66.24 | 63.70 | -3.83% | 5.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 358.64 | 345.08 | -3.78% | 4.8% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 89.45 | 86.07 | -3.78% | 9.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 135.60 | 130.50 | -3.76% | 5.4% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 135.74 | 130.68 | -3.73% | 4.8% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 66.58 | 64.12 | -3.69% | 5.6% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 358.12 | 345.03 | -3.65% | 5.2% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 66.53 | 64.15 | -3.58% | 5.6% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 135.13 | 130.36 | -3.53% | 5.1% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 357.24 | 344.76 | -3.49% | 4.8% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 3079.29 | 2975.84 | -3.36% | 4.2% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 92.62 | 89.52 | -3.35% | 8.6% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 3082.11 | 2984.38 | -3.17% | 3.9% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 3085.63 | 2990.92 | -3.07% | 4.3% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 3083.79 | 2989.91 | -3.04% | 4.3% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 2165.12 | 2100.03 | -3.01% | 3.9% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.75 | 67.66 | -2.99% | 6.0% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_0-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 69.24 | 67.19 | -2.96% | 6.2% | 7.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 2163.33 | 2100.27 | -2.91% | 3.9% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 69.75 | 67.72 | -2.91% | 5.9% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 95.27 | 92.53 | -2.87% | 4.7% | 6.7% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 59.64 | 57.94 | -2.86% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 146.60 | 142.41 | -2.86% | 5.8% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 68.08 | 66.16 | -2.82% | 6.7% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 2160.65 | 2099.80 | -2.82% | 4.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 57.96 | -2.79% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 2162.88 | 2103.94 | -2.72% | 3.5% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 58.02 | -2.70% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 59.58 | 57.97 | -2.69% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 58.03 | -2.69% | 7.7% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 59.66 | 58.06 | -2.69% | 7.6% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 69.71 | 67.84 | -2.68% | 5.9% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 68.12 | 66.30 | -2.68% | 6.5% | 8.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 69.72 | 67.86 | -2.67% | 6.1% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 59.62 | 58.03 | -2.66% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 68.08 | 66.27 | -2.66% | 6.5% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 95.55 | 93.02 | -2.64% | 4.6% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 59.60 | 58.03 | -2.63% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 69.70 | 67.87 | -2.63% | 6.1% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 68.15 | 66.38 | -2.60% | 6.7% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.67 | 67.88 | -2.56% | 6.0% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 146.09 | 142.38 | -2.54% | 5.3% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 68.11 | 66.39 | -2.52% | 6.6% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 55.90 | 54.50 | -2.50% | 4.0% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 68.02 | 66.35 | -2.45% | 6.5% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 56.52 | 55.14 | -2.45% | 4.2% | 6.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 146.51 | 142.95 | -2.43% | 5.3% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 146.39 | 142.88 | -2.39% | 5.2% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 58.79 | 57.41 | -2.35% | 4.7% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 95.49 | 93.26 | -2.34% | 4.7% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 70.14 | 68.50 | -2.34% | 6.3% | 8.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 120.77 | 118.02 | -2.28% | 5.7% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 145.49 | 142.18 | -2.28% | 5.6% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 146.06 | 142.75 | -2.26% | 5.2% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 95.32 | 93.17 | -2.25% | 4.8% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 69.53 | 67.97 | -2.24% | 5.9% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 95.34 | 93.21 | -2.23% | 4.7% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 95.47 | 93.49 | -2.07% | 4.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 95.11 | 93.16 | -2.06% | 5.0% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 5830.15 | 5711.24 | -2.04% | 6.5% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 180.13 | 176.49 | -2.02% | 6.7% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_returndatasize_zero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 60.55 | 59.37 | -1.94% | 6.3% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 55.75 | 54.69 | -1.90% | 4.0% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 55.78 | 54.73 | -1.87% | 3.8% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 55.63 | 54.64 | -1.78% | 3.8% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 55.67 | 54.70 | -1.74% | 4.1% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 150.97 | 148.84 | -1.41% | 5.8% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 5722.63 | 5665.04 | -1.01% | 6.0% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 107601.93 | 106748.43 | -0.79% | 4.4% | 6.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 5865.11 | 5829.11 | -0.61% | 6.5% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 110957.56 | 110361.45 | -0.54% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 221.19 | 220.25 | -0.42% | 3.5% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 99118.07 | 98819.70 | -0.30% | 5.3% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 99751.45 | 99478.08 | -0.27% | 5.8% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 221.57 | 220.96 | -0.27% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 137.58 | 137.26 | -0.23% | 3.3% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 98427.39 | 98277.11 | -0.15% | 5.8% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 221.49 | 221.16 | -0.15% | 3.6% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 289.29 | 289.09 | -0.07% | 4.8% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 221.75 | 221.68 | -0.03% | 2.8% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 221.56 | 221.59 | +0.01% | 3.3% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 221.46 | 221.80 | +0.15% | 3.1% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 5791.57 | 5807.13 | +0.27% | 8.1% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 137.25 | 137.85 | +0.43% | 3.8% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 137.35 | 138.06 | +0.52% | 3.6% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 137.55 | 138.31 | +0.55% | 3.7% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 137.65 | 138.62 | +0.71% | 3.7% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 139.42 | 140.50 | +0.78% | 3.5% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 186.57 | 188.07 | +0.80% | 7.7% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 92962.41 | 93773.17 | +0.87% | 6.8% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 93918.50 | 94744.14 | +0.88% | 5.1% | 6.5% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 137.41 | 138.66 | +0.90% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 92807.11 | 94257.35 | +1.56% | 6.4% | 6.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 283.11 | 294.78 | +4.12% | 9.9% | 10.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 5434.99 | 5670.50 | +4.33% | 2.6% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 5668.97 | 5933.97 | +4.67% | 5.2% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 5813.38 | 6112.17 | **+5.14%** | 5.8% | 4.7% |  |

### test_comparison.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_comparison.py`  
**Tests**: 6 | **Mean change** (stable): -7.11% | **Median change** (stable): -7.11% | **Anomalies**: 5

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_iszero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 159.01 | 138.18 | **-13.10%** | 30.2% | 3.8% | :warning: |
| `test_comparison[opcode_GT- @ 100M` | 151.55 | 139.14 | **-8.19%** | 13.7% | 17.4% | :warning: |
| `test_comparison[opcode_LT- @ 100M` | 141.97 | 130.65 | **-7.97%** | 13.7% | 15.2% | :warning: |
| `test_comparison[opcode_SLT- @ 100M` | 119.86 | 110.68 | **-7.66%** | 13.6% | 15.6% | :warning: |
| `test_comparison[opcode_SGT- @ 100M` | 125.75 | 116.50 | **-7.35%** | 13.3% | 15.6% | :warning: |
| `test_comparison[opcode_EQ- @ 100M` | 34.54 | 32.09 | **-7.11%** | 7.7% | 8.1% |  |

### test_control_flow.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_control_flow.py`  
**Tests**: 7 | **Mean change** (stable): -2.24% | **Median change** (stable): -2.24% | **Anomalies**: 5

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpdests[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 210.06 | 164.26 | **-21.80%** | 35.9% | 43.2% | :warning: |
| `test_jumps[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 381.67 | 312.20 | **-18.20%** | 30.6% | 19.1% | :warning: |
| `test_jumpi_fallthrough[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 382.80 | 314.99 | **-17.71%** | 30.1% | 17.1% | :warning: |
| `test_jumpis[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 163.98 | 142.18 | **-13.29%** | 33.2% | 5.7% | :warning: |
| `test_gas_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 61.81 | 60.35 | -2.37% | 6.9% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_pc_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 62.59 | 61.27 | -2.11% | 4.6% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_jump_benchmark[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 80.06 | 79.02 | -1.30% | 45.0% | 30.1% | :warning: |

### test_keccak.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_keccak.py`  
**Tests**: 26 | **Mean change** (stable): -1.11% | **Median change** (stable): -1.12%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 72.62 | 71.15 | -2.02% | 2.9% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 72.64 | 71.33 | -1.81% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 80.79 | 79.35 | -1.78% | 2.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 80.70 | 79.27 | -1.77% | 2.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 72.60 | 71.32 | -1.77% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 80.97 | 79.57 | -1.73% | 2.8% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 72.58 | 71.36 | -1.68% | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 80.84 | 79.54 | -1.62% | 2.8% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.68 | 85.40 | -1.48% | 2.8% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.60 | 76.60 | -1.29% | 2.6% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.20 | 85.21 | -1.15% | 2.7% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.83 | 76.95 | -1.13% | 2.5% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 97.51 | 96.41 | -1.13% | 1.7% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.36 | 67.60 | -1.11% | 2.7% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.47 | 67.76 | -1.05% | 2.6% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 97.47 | 96.47 | -1.03% | 1.7% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 97.55 | 96.59 | -0.99% | 1.7% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 97.38 | 96.46 | -0.95% | 1.8% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.40 | 67.77 | -0.92% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.52 | 85.78 | -0.85% | 3.0% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.58 | 77.00 | -0.75% | 2.4% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 82.90 | 82.67 | -0.27% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 82.87 | 82.67 | -0.24% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 82.88 | 82.69 | -0.23% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 82.87 | 82.69 | -0.22% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_max_permutations[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 80.48 | 80.52 | +0.05% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |

### test_log.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_log.py`  
**Tests**: 140 | **Mean change** (stable): -1.24% | **Median change** (stable): -2.42% | **Anomalies**: 12

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4391.63 | 4065.50 | **-7.43%** | 11.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4353.88 | 4045.11 | **-7.09%** | 11.5% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6135.07 | 5709.13 | **-6.94%** | 11.1% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4384.07 | 4088.64 | **-6.74%** | 11.5% | 15.0% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4380.50 | 4086.19 | **-6.72%** | 11.5% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7127.99 | 6654.67 | **-6.64%** | 7.1% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6550.69 | 6143.34 | **-6.22%** | 10.9% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 5890.99 | 5525.51 | **-6.20%** | 11.3% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6126.69 | 5753.18 | **-6.10%** | 11.0% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6728.92 | 6323.99 | **-6.02%** | 11.0% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 3763.99 | 3537.66 | **-6.01%** | 6.8% | 9.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4388.21 | 4124.61 | **-6.01%** | 11.7% | 14.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6138.16 | 5770.28 | **-5.99%** | 11.0% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6703.45 | 6309.42 | **-5.88%** | 11.1% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14876.03 | 14013.33 | **-5.80%** | 6.6% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7756.58 | 7315.78 | **-5.68%** | 10.9% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6573.48 | 6203.98 | **-5.62%** | 10.8% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7736.72 | 7303.74 | **-5.60%** | 10.8% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 4794.15 | 4529.46 | **-5.52%** | 6.1% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6075.27 | 5742.83 | **-5.47%** | 13.0% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7659.55 | 7244.56 | **-5.42%** | 10.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87195.17 | 82519.08 | **-5.36%** | 1.5% | 21.6% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4362.58 | 4131.67 | **-5.29%** | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 2804.66 | 2664.06 | **-5.01%** | 7.5% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 86701.86 | 82413.35 | -4.95% | 2.6% | 18.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 93744.22 | 89133.96 | -4.92% | 2.8% | 19.1% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8563.38 | 8144.27 | -4.89% | 6.5% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 1682.42 | 1601.29 | -4.82% | 8.3% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6049.24 | 5759.14 | -4.80% | 10.8% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8195.12 | 7805.21 | -4.76% | 7.9% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7097.72 | 6769.58 | -4.62% | 8.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7074.73 | 6766.43 | -4.36% | 8.1% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8085.48 | 7736.89 | -4.31% | 5.6% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 2857.13 | 2735.63 | -4.25% | 9.2% | 9.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7562.13 | 7248.45 | -4.15% | 10.3% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7669.25 | 7355.88 | -4.09% | 7.0% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7053.14 | 6765.12 | -4.08% | 8.2% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8255.20 | 7918.65 | -4.08% | 7.8% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8260.82 | 7928.46 | -4.02% | 7.9% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 4229.77 | 4059.79 | -4.02% | 7.3% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 4477.81 | 4298.40 | -4.01% | 6.6% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13783.37 | 13236.82 | -3.97% | 5.8% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8170.25 | 7848.06 | -3.94% | 7.7% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 1678.46 | 1613.14 | -3.89% | 7.4% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7028.65 | 6755.68 | -3.88% | 8.3% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 3586.12 | 3450.33 | -3.79% | 6.6% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8824.36 | 8493.73 | -3.75% | 4.8% | 15.1% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7618.49 | 7336.62 | -3.70% | 6.9% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7019.10 | 6762.97 | -3.65% | 8.1% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8078.30 | 7785.57 | -3.62% | 5.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 5063.25 | 4884.34 | -3.53% | 5.4% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8600.87 | 8312.44 | -3.35% | 7.1% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 17378.94 | 16803.01 | -3.31% | 8.5% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 7318.25 | 7081.30 | -3.24% | 6.8% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7635.05 | 7387.99 | -3.24% | 7.0% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8852.09 | 8566.22 | -3.23% | 5.9% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8096.17 | 7848.18 | -3.06% | 5.5% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8459.40 | 8208.55 | -2.97% | 6.1% | 14.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7612.59 | 7391.16 | -2.91% | 6.8% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17450.35 | 16955.25 | -2.84% | 7.3% | 9.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7582.41 | 7367.94 | -2.83% | 7.5% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 17232.12 | 16748.37 | -2.81% | 8.7% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17481.23 | 17019.63 | -2.64% | 8.1% | 9.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14870.20 | 14480.08 | -2.62% | 6.6% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13158.33 | 12820.07 | -2.57% | 4.8% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17553.33 | 17106.65 | -2.54% | 7.9% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8067.36 | 7868.62 | -2.46% | 5.7% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24378.57 | 23779.52 | -2.46% | 4.3% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 7944.72 | 7751.86 | -2.43% | 7.3% | 14.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13069.24 | 12753.56 | -2.42% | 5.1% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13757.10 | 13425.69 | -2.41% | 5.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89975.67 | 87924.48 | -2.28% | 2.3% | 21.2% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14723.49 | 14391.50 | -2.25% | 7.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14695.38 | 14364.48 | -2.25% | 6.5% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25453.77 | 24894.23 | -2.20% | 3.0% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8761.77 | 8590.91 | -1.95% | 5.0% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13078.95 | 12826.75 | -1.93% | 4.9% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13697.24 | 13444.18 | -1.85% | 5.5% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8731.58 | 8584.43 | -1.69% | 5.3% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 85503.35 | 84112.68 | -1.63% | 2.1% | 18.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 6364.94 | 6264.69 | -1.58% | 7.1% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8442.72 | 8347.97 | -1.12% | 8.1% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25458.33 | 25197.29 | -1.03% | 4.4% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24125.04 | 23890.56 | -0.97% | 3.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17175.32 | 17011.51 | -0.95% | 8.9% | 9.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 16912.50 | 16846.19 | -0.39% | 8.6% | 11.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 23052.88 | 22963.46 | -0.39% | 4.1% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 22915.83 | 22845.82 | -0.31% | 4.9% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21899.70 | 21836.91 | -0.29% | 4.5% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13525.55 | 13487.34 | -0.28% | 5.9% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 23086.13 | 23022.12 | -0.28% | 3.8% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21927.18 | 21881.87 | -0.21% | 3.6% | 8.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27232.64 | 27183.32 | -0.18% | 3.6% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21971.33 | 21963.62 | -0.04% | 4.1% | 8.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 22821.39 | 22836.60 | +0.07% | 4.0% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25363.39 | 25383.48 | +0.08% | 5.5% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 16769.71 | 16824.57 | +0.33% | 11.7% | 11.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21822.84 | 21910.73 | +0.40% | 4.1% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 23835.20 | 24034.60 | +0.84% | 5.6% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24108.83 | 24482.88 | +1.55% | 5.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 24660.32 | 25161.62 | +2.03% | 6.7% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27214.26 | 27785.69 | +2.10% | 3.0% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27123.40 | 27741.85 | +2.28% | 2.3% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 91573.83 | 93733.87 | +2.36% | 1.6% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 90105.67 | 92343.87 | +2.48% | 0.6% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27183.39 | 27891.90 | +2.61% | 3.4% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89798.03 | 92311.10 | +2.80% | 1.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 12511.48 | 12869.93 | +2.86% | 6.8% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89852.35 | 92841.18 | +3.33% | 3.8% | 5.0% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 89322.30 | 92348.51 | +3.39% | 0.6% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 88287.77 | 91292.68 | +3.40% | 1.2% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 92787.40 | 96220.71 | +3.70% | 1.7% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 88259.63 | 91540.34 | +3.72% | 4.3% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 91999.29 | 95533.23 | +3.84% | 1.1% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89655.90 | 93283.44 | +4.05% | 1.9% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 85034.34 | 88534.29 | +4.12% | 2.4% | 5.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 87325.88 | 91133.29 | +4.36% | 4.4% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86935.56 | 90866.66 | +4.52% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 88273.89 | 92279.09 | +4.54% | 2.3% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87804.12 | 91823.94 | +4.58% | 3.5% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86979.37 | 91036.74 | +4.66% | 3.3% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 88477.84 | 92656.56 | +4.72% | 2.1% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 88755.59 | 93044.19 | +4.83% | 2.9% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 90038.57 | 94511.05 | +4.97% | 3.3% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 87307.39 | 91660.28 | +4.99% | 3.7% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 86829.08 | 91169.62 | +5.00% | 1.5% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89577.30 | 94170.84 | **+5.13%** | 2.0% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89254.80 | 93892.36 | **+5.20%** | 2.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 87119.23 | 91807.76 | **+5.38%** | 2.3% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 87451.84 | 92204.92 | **+5.44%** | 1.8% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 88142.08 | 92971.94 | **+5.48%** | 2.1% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86614.69 | 91370.31 | **+5.49%** | 1.0% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87588.20 | 92805.58 | **+5.96%** | 2.7% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 91028.66 | 96668.44 | **+6.20%** | 5.9% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 86817.27 | 94163.31 | **+8.46%** | 2.7% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 83664.48 | 92959.45 | **+11.11%** | 18.1% | 4.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 80946.19 | 90804.20 | **+12.18%** | 17.9% | 5.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 82320.05 | 92922.68 | **+12.88%** | 21.1% | 4.1% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 79009.67 | 89898.45 | **+13.78%** | 16.4% | 5.0% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 83558.81 | 96157.15 | **+15.08%** | 18.1% | 4.5% | :warning: |

### test_memory.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_memory.py`  
**Tests**: 143 | **Mean change** (stable): -4.63% | **Median change** (stable): -5.35%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.68 | 87.92 | **-8.11%** | 11.4% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.84 | 103.78 | **-8.03%** | 12.5% | 14.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.72 | 103.77 | **-7.95%** | 12.5% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.84 | 103.90 | **-7.93%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.70 | 103.77 | **-7.93%** | 12.4% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.59 | 103.68 | **-7.92%** | 12.8% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.74 | 103.91 | **-7.83%** | 12.5% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.62 | 103.93 | **-7.72%** | 12.6% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.65 | 103.96 | **-7.72%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.63 | 103.95 | **-7.70%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.83 | 102.31 | **-7.69%** | 12.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.86 | 102.38 | **-7.65%** | 11.9% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.41 | **-7.57%** | 12.0% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.98 | 102.63 | **-7.53%** | 12.2% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.44 | 103.99 | **-7.51%** | 12.6% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.84 | 102.56 | **-7.47%** | 12.0% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.58 | **-7.41%** | 12.0% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.89 | 102.69 | **-7.39%** | 12.0% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.69 | **-7.36%** | 12.1% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.70 | 102.58 | **-7.34%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.78 | 102.66 | **-7.34%** | 12.1% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.60 | 88.63 | **-7.30%** | 11.2% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.78 | 102.71 | **-7.29%** | 12.2% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.73 | **-7.28%** | 12.1% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.76 | 102.72 | **-7.26%** | 12.1% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.82 | **-7.25%** | 12.0% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.74 | 102.74 | **-7.22%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.73 | 102.75 | **-7.21%** | 12.0% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.76 | 102.78 | **-7.20%** | 12.1% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.74 | 102.77 | **-7.20%** | 12.2% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.89 | **-7.18%** | 12.2% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.72 | 102.77 | **-7.18%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.71 | 88.91 | **-7.11%** | 11.1% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.54 | 88.75 | **-7.10%** | 11.3% | 11.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.69 | 89.09 | **-6.90%** | 11.5% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.61 | 89.03 | **-6.88%** | 11.4% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.94 | 86.66 | **-6.75%** | 10.8% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.83 | 86.61 | **-6.70%** | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.76 | 86.62 | **-6.62%** | 10.9% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.89 | 86.76 | **-6.59%** | 10.7% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.64 | 86.53 | **-6.59%** | 10.9% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.86 | 86.74 | **-6.58%** | 11.2% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.79 | 86.71 | **-6.56%** | 11.2% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.82 | 86.80 | **-6.49%** | 11.1% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.83 | 86.81 | **-6.48%** | 11.0% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.76 | 86.78 | **-6.44%** | 10.7% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.67 | 88.59 | **-6.42%** | 10.7% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.60 | 86.69 | **-6.38%** | 10.9% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.47 | 88.47 | **-6.36%** | 10.4% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.89 | 86.99 | **-6.35%** | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.57 | 86.70 | **-6.34%** | 10.6% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.71 | 86.85 | **-6.31%** | 11.0% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.73 | 86.99 | **-6.19%** | 11.0% | 11.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.52 | 86.81 | **-6.18%** | 10.9% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.64 | 87.00 | **-6.09%** | 11.0% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.51 | 86.90 | **-6.06%** | 10.6% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.72 | 87.16 | **-5.99%** | 11.1% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.20 | 88.60 | **-5.94%** | 10.4% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.00 | 82.92 | **-5.77%** | 10.2% | 10.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.00 | 88.68 | **-5.66%** | 10.8% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.26 | 87.07 | **-5.63%** | 11.1% | 11.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.57 | 84.56 | **-5.59%** | 10.9% | 11.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.51 | 84.52 | **-5.58%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.55 | 84.60 | **-5.53%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.56 | 84.62 | **-5.52%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.53 | 84.60 | **-5.51%** | 10.6% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.85 | 83.04 | **-5.47%** | 10.2% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.73 | 83.01 | **-5.38%** | 10.0% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.60 | 82.90 | **-5.37%** | 10.0% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.93 | 83.21 | **-5.36%** | 10.2% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.35 | 84.56 | **-5.36%** | 10.7% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.01 | 83.30 | **-5.35%** | 10.1% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.52 | 84.74 | **-5.35%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.38 | 84.62 | **-5.32%** | 10.8% | 11.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.03 | **-5.31%** | 10.0% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.86 | 83.20 | **-5.30%** | 10.3% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.05 | 83.39 | **-5.28%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.89 | 83.27 | **-5.26%** | 10.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.49 | 84.79 | **-5.25%** | 10.6% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.56 | 82.97 | **-5.25%** | 10.0% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.83 | 83.22 | **-5.25%** | 10.4% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.82 | 83.23 | **-5.22%** | 9.9% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.70 | 83.16 | **-5.18%** | 10.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.83 | 83.29 | **-5.17%** | 10.2% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.17 | **-5.16%** | 10.0% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.29 | 84.69 | **-5.16%** | 10.7% | 11.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.54 | 83.03 | **-5.15%** | 9.9% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.18 | **-5.14%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.82 | 83.31 | **-5.14%** | 10.0% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.71 | 83.27 | **-5.07%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 120.88 | 117.26 | -3.00% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 120.82 | 117.22 | -2.98% | 6.2% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 120.72 | 117.22 | -2.90% | 6.1% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 111.73 | 108.59 | -2.81% | 9.5% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 120.58 | 117.22 | -2.79% | 6.3% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 96.91 | 94.21 | -2.78% | 9.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 121.08 | 117.74 | -2.76% | 6.0% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 96.95 | 94.29 | -2.75% | 9.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 138.48 | 134.71 | -2.73% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 96.91 | 94.38 | -2.60% | 9.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 96.70 | 94.44 | -2.34% | 9.7% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 69.51 | 67.94 | -2.25% | 5.6% | 7.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 96.80 | 94.63 | -2.24% | 9.5% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 108.03 | 105.68 | -2.17% | 7.5% | 10.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 93.70 | 91.80 | -2.03% | 7.8% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 93.64 | 91.79 | -1.97% | 7.4% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.50 | 68.13 | -1.97% | 5.5% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 178.36 | 174.91 | -1.93% | 6.5% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 93.71 | 91.91 | -1.93% | 7.5% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 93.67 | 91.88 | -1.91% | 7.6% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 79.73 | 78.23 | -1.87% | 5.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.38 | 68.08 | -1.87% | 5.6% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 69.52 | 68.22 | -1.87% | 5.9% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 71.05 | 69.75 | -1.83% | 5.1% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_1000 @ 100M` | 63.23 | 62.10 | -1.79% | 6.5% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_1 @ 100M` | 60.75 | 59.66 | -1.78% | 6.4% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 178.92 | 175.79 | -1.75% | 6.7% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 69.40 | 68.18 | -1.75% | 5.9% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 60.83 | 59.81 | -1.68% | 6.4% | 6.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 81.37 | 80.03 | -1.64% | 5.0% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 93.88 | 92.34 | -1.63% | 8.2% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 206.12 | 202.77 | -1.63% | 6.6% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 212.83 | 209.39 | -1.62% | 4.6% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 178.53 | 175.76 | -1.55% | 6.5% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 213.14 | 209.84 | -1.55% | 4.5% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 244.52 | 240.79 | -1.53% | 4.9% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 212.77 | 209.53 | -1.52% | 4.6% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 71.28 | 70.22 | -1.49% | 5.1% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 212.88 | 209.76 | -1.47% | 4.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 71.25 | 70.25 | -1.40% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 178.42 | 176.21 | -1.24% | 6.5% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 212.81 | 210.25 | -1.21% | 4.7% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 71.14 | 70.30 | -1.18% | 5.0% | 6.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 71.00 | 70.18 | -1.17% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_100000 @ 100M` | 791.64 | 784.06 | -0.96% | 6.1% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 178.43 | 176.89 | -0.86% | 6.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 320.56 | 320.84 | +0.09% | 3.2% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 314.31 | 315.17 | +0.27% | 2.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 315.57 | 316.75 | +0.38% | 3.0% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 366.65 | 368.77 | +0.58% | 3.1% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 317.57 | 321.38 | +1.20% | 3.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_1000000 @ 100M` | 26857.59 | 27304.51 | +1.66% | 6.0% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 315.54 | 323.34 | +2.47% | 2.9% | 3.4% |  |

### test_stack.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_stack.py`  
**Tests**: 65 | **Mean change** (stable): +0.45% | **Median change** (stable): +0.46% | **Anomalies**: 33

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP3 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 166.67 | **-14.33%** | 23.2% | 13.7% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP16 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 167.24 | **-14.03%** | 23.8% | 13.6% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP7 @ 100M` | 194.43 | 167.62 | **-13.79%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP6 @ 100M` | 195.07 | 168.39 | **-13.68%** | 23.8% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP11 @ 100M` | 194.62 | 168.29 | **-13.53%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP5 @ 100M` | 194.25 | 168.12 | **-13.45%** | 23.9% | 14.0% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP4 @ 100M` | 194.11 | 168.19 | **-13.36%** | 23.9% | 14.1% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP8 @ 100M` | 193.84 | 168.02 | **-13.32%** | 24.4% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP9 @ 100M` | 192.85 | 167.82 | **-12.98%** | 24.1% | 14.2% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP9 @ 100M` | 215.74 | 188.01 | **-12.85%** | 20.9% | 25.0% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP15 @ 100M` | 192.87 | 168.23 | **-12.77%** | 24.4% | 14.1% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP13 @ 100M` | 215.62 | 188.11 | **-12.76%** | 20.8% | 25.1% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP6 @ 100M` | 215.44 | 188.00 | **-12.74%** | 20.7% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP1 @ 100M` | 215.66 | 188.20 | **-12.74%** | 20.9% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP15 @ 100M` | 215.46 | 188.02 | **-12.74%** | 20.9% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP4 @ 100M` | 214.29 | 187.02 | **-12.73%** | 20.7% | 24.7% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP16 @ 100M` | 215.33 | 187.99 | **-12.70%** | 20.9% | 25.0% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP2 @ 100M` | 191.95 | 167.66 | **-12.66%** | 23.8% | 13.9% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP14 @ 100M` | 192.20 | 168.00 | **-12.59%** | 23.8% | 14.3% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP1 @ 100M` | 192.06 | 167.87 | **-12.59%** | 22.1% | 13.3% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP3 @ 100M` | 214.37 | 187.40 | **-12.58%** | 20.7% | 24.8% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP10 @ 100M` | 214.76 | 187.76 | **-12.57%** | 20.7% | 24.8% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP14 @ 100M` | 214.85 | 187.88 | **-12.55%** | 20.7% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP12 @ 100M` | 214.42 | 187.62 | **-12.50%** | 20.8% | 24.8% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP2 @ 100M` | 214.31 | 187.54 | **-12.49%** | 20.7% | 24.7% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP8 @ 100M` | 214.00 | 187.41 | **-12.43%** | 20.6% | 24.7% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP7 @ 100M` | 214.57 | 188.00 | **-12.38%** | 20.6% | 25.0% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP12 @ 100M` | 192.45 | 168.63 | **-12.38%** | 22.3% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP11 @ 100M` | 214.10 | 187.87 | **-12.25%** | 20.7% | 25.0% | :warning: |
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP5 @ 100M` | 214.32 | 188.29 | **-12.15%** | 20.5% | 25.1% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP13 @ 100M` | 191.60 | 168.71 | **-11.95%** | 22.1% | 13.5% | :warning: |
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP10 @ 100M` | 188.21 | 167.85 | **-10.82%** | 26.3% | 13.4% | :warning: |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH0 @ 100M` | 162.48 | 147.84 | **-9.01%** | 19.7% | 24.4% | :warning: |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH32 @ 100M` | 96.27 | 96.14 | -0.14% | 10.7% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH22 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.72 | +0.30% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH5 @ 100M` | 98.53 | 98.84 | +0.31% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH11 @ 100M` | 98.49 | 98.79 | +0.31% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH10 @ 100M` | 98.45 | 98.80 | +0.35% | 11.6% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH7 @ 100M` | 98.47 | 98.84 | +0.37% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH6 @ 100M` | 98.56 | 98.94 | +0.39% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH9 @ 100M` | 98.53 | 98.92 | +0.40% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH21 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.81 | +0.40% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH13 @ 100M` | 98.48 | 98.88 | +0.41% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH8 @ 100M` | 98.50 | 98.91 | +0.42% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH17 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.85 | +0.43% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH20 @ 100M` | 98.38 | 98.80 | +0.43% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH18 @ 100M` | 98.43 | 98.86 | +0.44% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH19 @ 100M` | 98.32 | 98.77 | +0.45% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH25 @ 100M` | 97.80 | 98.24 | +0.46% | 11.4% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH27 @ 100M` | 97.16 | 97.61 | +0.46% | 11.4% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH15 @ 100M` | 98.38 | 98.83 | +0.46% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH31 @ 100M` | 96.14 | 96.58 | +0.46% | 11.1% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH26 @ 100M` | 97.49 | 97.94 | +0.47% | 11.4% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH1 @ 100M` | 98.60 | 99.07 | +0.47% | 11.6% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH23 @ 100M` | 98.27 | 98.74 | +0.47% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH12 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.89 | +0.48% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH29 @ 100M` | 96.71 | 97.17 | +0.48% | 11.3% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH2 @ 100M` | 98.50 | 98.98 | +0.49% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH14 @ 100M` | 98.41 | 98.89 | +0.49% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH16 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.94 | +0.52% | 11.5% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH3 @ 100M` | 98.49 | 99.03 | +0.54% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH4 @ 100M` | 98.43 | 98.99 | +0.57% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH30 @ 100M` | 96.42 | 96.98 | +0.57% | 11.2% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH28 @ 100M` | 97.07 | 97.80 | +0.76% | 11.4% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH24 @ 100M` | 97.49 | 98.52 | +1.05% | 11.3% | 13.7% |  |

### test_storage.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_storage.py`  
**Tests**: 31 | **Mean change** (stable): +2.83% | **Median change** (stable): +2.89%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_tload[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 854.02 | 833.47 | -2.41% | 5.7% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 839.05 | 818.91 | -2.40% | 6.4% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm[SLOAD @ 100M` | 235.41 | 229.95 | -2.32% | 9.5% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 345.60 | 338.92 | -1.93% | 5.1% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm[SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 230.93 | 226.54 | -1.90% | 8.2% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 370.03 | 363.40 | -1.79% | 5.5% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 371.24 | 365.29 | -1.60% | 5.7% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 344.94 | 341.37 | -1.03% | 4.5% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm[SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 183.51 | 181.84 | -0.91% | 6.9% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value, out of gas @ 100M` | 5299.77 | 5258.91 | -0.77% | 1.1% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SLOAD @ 100M` | 328.12 | 325.91 | -0.67% | 4.2% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value, out of gas @ 100M` | 5368.03 | 5377.08 | +0.17% | 1.7% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value, revert @ 100M` | 5288.72 | 5341.22 | +0.99% | 2.2% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSLOAD @ 100M` | 871.43 | 885.77 | +1.64% | 3.4% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 1495.48 | 1531.98 | +2.44% | 1.2% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 118253.94 | 121667.25 | +2.89% | 2.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value, revert @ 100M` | 5151.39 | 5306.29 | +3.01% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 1487.48 | 1537.52 | +3.36% | 2.5% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SSTORE_same @ 100M` | 122306.00 | 126874.96 | +3.74% | 1.4% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 116948.39 | 121746.80 | +4.10% | 3.4% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 124385.63 | 129977.61 | +4.50% | 3.7% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SLOAD @ 100M` | 2218.26 | 2332.21 | **+5.14%** | 2.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value, revert @ 100M` | 238.50 | 253.01 | **+6.08%** | 1.3% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 244.97 | 262.25 | **+7.05%** | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SSTORE_new @ 100M` | 113316.91 | 121322.24 | **+7.06%** | 1.8% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 112341.08 | 120693.04 | **+7.43%** | 2.4% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value, out of gas @ 100M` | 576.18 | 624.82 | **+8.44%** | 1.6% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value, out of gas @ 100M` | 235.34 | 255.42 | **+8.53%** | 1.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 234.60 | 255.27 | **+8.81%** | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value, revert @ 100M` | 573.28 | 624.50 | **+8.93%** | 2.0% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSLOAD @ 100M` | 290.72 | 322.71 | **+11.00%** | 3.0% | 1.7% |  |

### test_system.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_system.py`  
**Tests**: 38 | **Mean change** (stable): +3.76% | **Median change** (stable): +3.16%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 39637.27 | 38074.91 | -3.94% | 1.2% | 14.6% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 30010.47 | 29335.24 | -2.25% | 1.3% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of non-zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 17156.01 | 17084.68 | -0.42% | 4.5% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes without value-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 3669.82 | 3654.78 | -0.41% | 1.3% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes with value-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3951.12 | 3935.98 | -0.38% | 1.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes with value-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 3674.97 | 3687.45 | +0.34% | 1.3% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 30804.30 | 30937.13 | +0.43% | 0.6% | 1.7% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes without value-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3978.04 | 4000.74 | +0.57% | 1.2% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42189.89 | 42644.60 | +1.08% | 1.7% | 1.7% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 39274.35 | 39750.86 | +1.21% | 1.3% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 43340.15 | 43891.48 | +1.27% | 0.5% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42545.38 | 43243.41 | +1.64% | 1.2% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_created[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 1308.68 | 1338.36 | +2.27% | 0.7% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_created[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 1309.73 | 1340.34 | +2.34% | 1.2% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 41616.85 | 42599.94 | +2.36% | 0.8% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 43624.51 | 44678.41 | +2.42% | 0.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_return_revert[empty-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 70.47 | 72.50 | +2.89% | 2.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_initcode[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 2058.57 | 2119.46 | +2.96% | 1.3% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of non-zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 129.73 | 133.72 | +3.07% | 2.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_initcode[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 2033.44 | 2099.64 | +3.26% | 0.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 105.80 | 109.38 | +3.39% | 2.2% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42444.42 | 43917.80 | +3.47% | 2.2% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 106043.29 | 109974.56 | +3.71% | 4.3% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 101822.30 | 105697.60 | +3.81% | 2.5% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 78306.29 | 81701.71 | +4.34% | 1.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of non-zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 16053.63 | 16780.47 | +4.53% | 5.5% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 107659.91 | 113002.29 | +4.96% | 2.3% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 96219.38 | 101704.60 | **+5.70%** | 2.1% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 100026.41 | 105832.67 | **+5.80%** | 2.5% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 81882.75 | 86766.76 | **+5.96%** | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 105912.35 | 113218.92 | **+6.90%** | 3.2% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_existing[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 314.68 | 337.08 | **+7.12%** | 3.0% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_existing[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 477.02 | 518.63 | **+8.72%** | 1.5% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3667.76 | 3988.36 | **+8.74%** | 1.7% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of non-zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 93.47 | 102.90 | **+10.09%** | 2.1% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 73.83 | 81.34 | **+10.17%** | 2.1% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 5868.34 | 6550.00 | **+11.62%** | 5.8% | 1.7% |  |
| `test_return_revert[empty-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 45.56 | 51.57 | **+13.20%** | 1.9% | 1.5% |  |

### test_tx_context.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/instruction/test_tx_context.py`  
**Tests**: 4 | **Mean change** (stable): -7.10% | **Median change** (stable): -7.08% | **Anomalies**: 4

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_blobhash[no_blobs @ 100M` | 103.50 | 95.71 | **-7.52%** | 21.0% | 4.1% | :warning: |
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_GASPRICE @ 100M` | 87.15 | 80.88 | **-7.19%** | 20.9% | 4.8% | :warning: |
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_ORIGIN @ 100M` | 87.86 | 81.73 | **-6.97%** | 20.9% | 4.7% | :warning: |
| `test_blobhash[one_blob @ 100M` | 86.39 | 80.58 | **-6.72%** | 17.6% | 3.1% | :warning: |

### test_alt_bn128.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_alt_bn128.py`  
**Tests**: 26 | **Mean change** (stable): +1.71% | **Median change** (stable): +0.15%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_3 @ 100M` | 102.61 | 102.57 | -0.04% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_2_pair @ 100M` | 101.40 | 101.42 | +0.02% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_4_pair @ 100M` | 104.68 | 104.73 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_24 @ 100M` | 105.98 | 106.04 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_6 @ 100M` | 102.94 | 103.00 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bn128_pairings_amortized[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 106.14 | 106.21 | +0.07% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_5_pair @ 100M` | 103.33 | 103.41 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_two_pairings @ 100M` | 101.24 | 101.32 | +0.08% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_32_byte_coord_and_scalar @ 100M` | 110.72 | 110.86 | +0.12% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_1_2_32_byte_scalar @ 100M` | 110.67 | 110.81 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul @ 100M` | 110.48 | 110.63 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_1 @ 100M` | 100.66 | 100.79 | +0.13% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_one_pairing @ 100M` | 100.53 | 100.68 | +0.14% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_12 @ 100M` | 105.37 | 105.54 | +0.16% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add @ 100M` | 65.82 | 66.72 | +1.37% | 0.7% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add_1_2 @ 100M` | 65.61 | 66.67 | +1.62% | 0.8% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_1_2_2_scalar @ 100M` | 1462.88 | 1487.74 | +1.70% | 1.0% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add_infinities @ 100M` | 116.69 | 118.98 | +1.97% | 0.8% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_32_byte_coord_and_2_scalar @ 100M` | 1472.13 | 1501.52 | +2.00% | 0.9% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_2_sets @ 100M` | 55732.44 | 57346.16 | +2.90% | 1.6% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_infinities_32_byte_scalar @ 100M` | 3415.35 | 3533.29 | +3.45% | 1.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_infinities_2_scalar @ 100M` | 3380.08 | 3523.33 | +4.24% | 2.2% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_1_pair @ 100M` | 21630.16 | 22675.86 | +4.83% | 1.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_1_pair_empty @ 100M` | 107544.50 | 112957.42 | **+5.03%** | 0.9% | 2.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_zero_input @ 100M` | 21354.13 | 22461.09 | **+5.18%** | 1.1% | 2.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_3_pair @ 100M` | 111284.84 | 121225.46 | **+8.93%** | 3.4% | 4.3% |  |

### test_blake2f.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_blake2f.py`  
**Tests**: 5 | **Mean change** (stable): +2.92% | **Median change** (stable): +3.64%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_blake2f[blake2f @ 100M` | 43.09 | 43.07 | -0.04% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_24 @ 100M` | 50.55 | 52.08 | +3.03% | 1.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_12 @ 100M` | 51.47 | 53.34 | +3.64% | 1.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_6 @ 100M` | 51.88 | 53.91 | +3.91% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_1 @ 100M` | 52.38 | 54.50 | +4.05% | 1.8% | 1.0% |  |

### test_bls12_381.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_bls12_381.py`  
**Tests**: 20 | **Mean change** (stable): +0.55% | **Median change** (stable): +0.14%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_fp_to_g1 @ 100M` | 79.32 | 76.76 | -3.22% | 0.3% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_fp_to_g2 @ 100M` | 78.64 | 78.48 | -0.20% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_pairing_check @ 100M` | 64.87 | 64.86 | -0.02% | 0.2% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_1 @ 100M` | 65.09 | 65.09 | +0.00% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_24 @ 100M` | 80.84 | 80.90 | +0.07% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_12 @ 100M` | 79.23 | 79.29 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_6 @ 100M` | 75.43 | 75.49 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_3 @ 100M` | 71.37 | 71.43 | +0.09% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_64 @ 100M` | 128.19 | 128.36 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g1msm @ 100M` | 122.15 | 122.31 | +0.13% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_128 @ 100M` | 122.17 | 122.35 | +0.15% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_64 @ 100M` | 181.98 | 182.25 | +0.15% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_128 @ 100M` | 178.07 | 178.43 | +0.20% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g2msm @ 100M` | 181.90 | 182.28 | +0.21% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_16 @ 100M` | 127.98 | 128.49 | +0.40% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_16 @ 100M` | 173.85 | 174.63 | +0.45% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_1 @ 100M` | 287.39 | 291.49 | +1.43% | 1.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g1add @ 100M` | 60.73 | 61.73 | +1.64% | 3.7% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g2add @ 100M` | 65.34 | 66.83 | +2.28% | 0.7% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_1 @ 100M` | 197.17 | 211.01 | **+7.02%** | 9.7% | 0.2% |  |

### test_ecrecover.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_ecrecover.py`  
**Tests**: 1 | **Mean change** (stable): +0.29% | **Median change** (stable): +0.29%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ecrecover[ecrecover @ 100M` | 72.66 | 72.87 | +0.29% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |

### test_identity.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_identity.py`  
**Tests**: 5 | **Mean change** (stable): +3.23% | **Median change** (stable): +3.26%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_identity[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 2402.22 | 2453.06 | +2.12% | 1.9% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 124.95 | 128.91 | +3.16% | 2.3% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 82.72 | 85.41 | +3.26% | 2.5% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 83.52 | 86.55 | +3.64% | 2.8% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 96.00 | 99.81 | +3.97% | 2.9% | 1.2% |  |

### test_modexp.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_modexp.py`  
**Tests**: 89 | **Mean change** (stable): +1.25% | **Median change** (stable): +0.82% | **Anomalies**: 1

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_298_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1549.54 | 1443.91 | **-6.82%** | 0.5% | 18.9% | :warning: |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_64b_exp_512 @ 100M` | 1094.50 | 1085.74 | -0.80% | 0.1% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_3_even @ 100M` | 100.41 | 99.67 | -0.74% | 0.1% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_256b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2030.32 | 2027.83 | -0.12% | 0.1% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_408_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 166.13 | 165.98 | -0.09% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_square @ 100M` | 173.70 | 173.72 | +0.01% | 3.4% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_square @ 100M` | 95.82 | 95.90 | +0.08% | 1.8% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_1024b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 107894.25 | 108054.89 | +0.15% | 2.8% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_marius_1_even @ 100M` | 1216.57 | 1218.86 | +0.19% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_128b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 1638.81 | 1642.31 | +0.21% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_128b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 1642.87 | 1646.72 | +0.23% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_256b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2035.41 | 2040.21 | +0.24% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_512b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2155.46 | 2161.19 | +0.27% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_512b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2146.59 | 2152.48 | +0.27% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_64b_exp_512 @ 100M` | 1096.88 | 1100.15 | +0.30% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 913.15 | 915.90 | +0.30% | 1.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1024_exp_2 @ 100M` | 188.84 | 189.41 | +0.30% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_2_even @ 100M` | 1146.76 | 1150.60 | +0.34% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_65 @ 100M` | 170.69 | 171.42 | +0.43% | 0.4% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1349n1 @ 100M` | 185.88 | 186.77 | +0.48% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_example_2 @ 100M` | 163.31 | 164.09 | +0.48% | 0.2% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_16b_exp_320 @ 100M` | 533.32 | 535.96 | +0.50% | 0.6% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_256_exp_2 @ 100M` | 167.96 | 168.82 | +0.51% | 0.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_256 @ 100M` | 221.02 | 222.19 | +0.53% | 0.4% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_264_exp_2 @ 100M` | 164.18 | 165.06 | +0.54% | 0.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 734.47 | 738.59 | +0.56% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_qube @ 100M` | 108.70 | 109.34 | +0.59% | 1.1% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_example_1 @ 100M` | 238.40 | 239.82 | +0.59% | 0.5% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_qube @ 100M` | 134.44 | 135.27 | +0.62% | 1.0% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_852_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 905.61 | 911.26 | +0.62% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_qube @ 100M` | 152.48 | 153.43 | +0.63% | 3.5% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_zkevm_worst_case @ 100M` | 229.79 | 231.31 | +0.66% | 0.4% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1360n1 @ 100M` | 171.96 | 173.10 | +0.66% | 0.3% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_767_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 482.26 | 485.51 | +0.67% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_800_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 169.88 | 171.03 | +0.68% | 0.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1045_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 178.06 | 179.27 | +0.68% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_616_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 165.64 | 166.77 | +0.68% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1360n2 @ 100M` | 250.94 | 252.68 | +0.70% | 0.4% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_square @ 100M` | 117.97 | 118.79 | +0.70% | 1.2% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1360_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 238.17 | 239.83 | +0.70% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_1_even @ 100M` | 1475.33 | 1485.83 | +0.71% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_256 @ 100M` | 235.48 | 237.26 | +0.76% | 0.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_4 @ 100M` | 195.07 | 196.57 | +0.77% | 0.6% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1152n1 @ 100M` | 274.37 | 276.51 | +0.78% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_800_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 887.80 | 895.09 | +0.82% | 0.6% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_cover_windows @ 100M` | 240.86 | 242.85 | +0.82% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_765_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 328.49 | 331.29 | +0.85% | 0.5% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_677_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 209.07 | 210.86 | +0.86% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_8b_exp_896 @ 100M` | 1445.71 | 1458.19 | +0.86% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_8_exp_896 @ 100M` | 1549.15 | 1562.59 | +0.87% | 0.5% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_96 @ 100M` | 194.31 | 196.02 | +0.88% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_400_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 566.19 | 571.24 | +0.89% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_3 @ 100M` | 299.37 | 302.10 | +0.91% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_128 @ 100M` | 208.97 | 210.93 | +0.94% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_2 @ 100M` | 593.38 | 599.07 | +0.96% | 0.7% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1322.53 | 1335.60 | +0.99% | 0.3% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n3 @ 100M` | 106.89 | 107.96 | +1.01% | 1.3% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_8_exp_648 @ 100M` | 1360.29 | 1374.71 | +1.06% | 0.4% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_square @ 100M` | 148.78 | 150.37 | +1.07% | 0.7% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_24b_exp_168 @ 100M` | 261.80 | 264.85 | +1.16% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_215_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1359.44 | 1375.51 | +1.18% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_408_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 381.32 | 386.32 | +1.31% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_867_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 169.56 | 171.89 | +1.37% | 0.6% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_64 @ 100M` | 169.57 | 171.91 | +1.38% | 0.6% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_600_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 435.44 | 441.56 | +1.41% | 1.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_96 @ 100M` | 166.02 | 168.37 | +1.41% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n1 @ 100M` | 124.90 | 126.83 | +1.55% | 1.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_qube @ 100M` | 91.04 | 92.55 | +1.66% | 0.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 381.22 | 387.80 | +1.73% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_600_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 760.14 | 773.62 | +1.77% | 2.1% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 261.21 | 266.19 | +1.91% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_40 @ 100M` | 112.66 | 114.88 | +1.97% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_40 @ 100M` | 144.52 | 147.37 | +1.98% | 0.7% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8 @ 100M` | 182.39 | 186.02 | +1.99% | 0.8% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n2 @ 100M` | 141.31 | 144.33 | +2.14% | 1.0% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_36 @ 100M` | 138.48 | 141.57 | +2.23% | 1.0% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_208_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 143.79 | 147.02 | +2.25% | 0.7% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_32 @ 100M` | 133.01 | 136.34 | +2.50% | 0.7% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_square @ 100M` | 176.30 | 181.94 | +3.20% | 1.0% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_qube @ 100M` | 169.84 | 175.30 | +3.21% | 0.9% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_1024b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 108068.71 | 111813.38 | +3.47% | 1.5% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_2_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 2825.55 | 2936.57 | +3.93% | 2.3% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 147.34 | 153.25 | +4.01% | 2.4% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_4_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 761.28 | 791.83 | +4.01% | 2.5% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1278.16 | 1332.09 | +4.22% | 2.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_996_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 494.54 | 515.43 | +4.22% | 7.9% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_1_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 10176.82 | 10657.85 | +4.73% | 2.4% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 577.07 | 605.87 | +4.99% | 9.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 800.76 | 846.42 | **+5.70%** | 11.9% | 0.5% |  |

### test_p256verify.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_p256verify.py`  
**Tests**: 3 | **Mean change** (stable): +0.73% | **Median change** (stable): +0.15%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_p256verify[p256verify @ 100M` | 127.00 | 127.14 | +0.11% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_p256verify[p256verify_modular_comp_x_coordinate_exceeds_n @ 100M` | 126.46 | 126.64 | +0.15% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_p256verify[p256verify_wrong_endianness @ 100M` | 2587.56 | 2637.40 | +1.93% | 1.1% | 0.7% |  |

### test_point_evaluation.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_point_evaluation.py`  
**Tests**: 1 | **Mean change** (stable): -0.19% | **Median change** (stable): -0.19%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_point_evaluation[point_evaluation @ 100M` | 34.25 | 34.19 | -0.19% | 0.0% | 0.3% |  |

### test_ripemd160.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_ripemd160.py`  
**Tests**: 5 | **Mean change** (stable): +1.98% | **Median change** (stable): +2.09%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ripemd160[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 345.70 | 345.89 | +0.06% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 328.18 | 330.81 | +0.80% | 0.5% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 311.10 | 317.60 | +2.09% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 331.39 | 341.53 | +3.06% | 1.7% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 282.12 | 293.10 | +3.89% | 1.5% | 1.1% |  |

### test_sha256.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/precompile/test_sha256.py`  
**Tests**: 5 | **Mean change** (stable): +2.08% | **Median change** (stable): +2.30%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_sha256[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 77.31 | 77.28 | -0.04% | 0.5% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 79.05 | 79.96 | +1.15% | 0.4% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 81.82 | 83.70 | +2.30% | 1.3% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 87.71 | 90.53 | +3.22% | 2.2% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 91.21 | 94.67 | +3.79% | 2.1% | 1.0% |  |

### test_mix_operations.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/scenario/test_mix_operations.py`  
**Tests**: 6 | **Mean change** (stable): +0.79% | **Median change** (stable): +0.58%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[00 @ 100M` | 824.07 | 827.41 | +0.41% | 0.8% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[615b5b5b @ 100M` | 745.17 | 748.32 | +0.42% | 0.4% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[605b5b @ 100M` | 694.14 | 697.98 | +0.55% | 0.3% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[5b @ 100M` | 395.09 | 397.50 | +0.61% | 0.3% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[615b5b @ 100M` | 1022.49 | 1030.21 | +0.76% | 0.6% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[605b @ 100M` | 1055.53 | 1076.82 | +2.02% | 2.2% | 0.5% |  |

### test_transaction_types.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/scenario/test_transaction_types.py`  
**Tests**: 17 | **Mean change** (stable): +2.83% | **Median change** (stable): +2.74%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_a @ 100M` | 1185.91 | 1183.59 | -0.20% | 1.5% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_empty_block[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_block_full_data[zero_byte_False @ 100M` | 11426.07 | 11440.82 | +0.13% | 0.8% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_a @ 100M` | 1203.65 | 1208.67 | +0.42% | 1.0% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_b @ 100M` | 1114.35 | 1121.50 | +0.64% | 1.1% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_block_full_data[zero_byte_True @ 100M` | 3217.24 | 3248.70 | +0.98% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_True @ 100M` | 353.66 | 358.66 | +1.41% | 1.2% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_True @ 100M` | 335.40 | 341.99 | +1.97% | 0.9% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_b @ 100M` | 1102.80 | 1133.03 | +2.74% | 2.3% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_False @ 100M` | 253.76 | 261.99 | +3.24% | 1.0% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_False @ 100M` | 259.94 | 270.80 | +4.17% | 2.7% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 629.33 | 656.51 | +4.32% | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_diff_acc_to_b @ 100M` | 591.04 | 619.63 | +4.84% | 1.0% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 582.18 | 610.55 | +4.87% | 0.9% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_diff_acc_to_b @ 100M` | 588.28 | 619.00 | **+5.22%** | 1.0% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_diff_acc_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 377.67 | 402.65 | **+6.61%** | 0.6% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_diff_acc_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 392.12 | 418.70 | **+6.78%** | 1.7% | 1.3% |  |

### test_unchunkified_bytecode.py

**Path**: `tests/benchmark/compute/scenario/test_unchunkified_bytecode.py`  
**Tests**: 7 | **Mean change** (stable): +5.19% | **Median change** (stable): +5.56%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 110.07 | 108.00 | -1.88% | 3.5% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 123.58 | 125.94 | +1.91% | 6.5% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODECOPY @ 100M` | 124.72 | 130.28 | +4.46% | 5.5% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 100.84 | 106.44 | **+5.56%** | 6.2% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 122.60 | 131.51 | **+7.27%** | 6.2% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 105.17 | 114.38 | **+8.76%** | 4.6% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 109.21 | 120.40 | **+10.24%** | 4.9% | 2.9% |  |

## Detailed Results by Opcode

### SELFDESTRUCT_EXISTING

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: +7.92% | **Median change**: +7.92%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_selfdestruct_existing[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 314.68 | 337.08 | **+7.12%** | 3.0% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_existing[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 477.02 | 518.63 | **+8.72%** | 1.5% | 1.2% |  |

### REVERT

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: +7.15% | **Median change**: +10.09%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 30010.47 | 29335.24 | -2.25% | 1.3% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of non-zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 16053.63 | 16780.47 | +4.53% | 5.5% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of non-zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 93.47 | 102.90 | **+10.09%** | 2.1% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of zero data-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 73.83 | 81.34 | **+10.17%** | 2.1% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_return_revert[empty-opcode_REVERT @ 100M` | 45.56 | 51.57 | **+13.20%** | 1.9% | 1.5% |  |

### STORAGE_ACCESS_COLD

**Tests**: 17 (stable: 17) | **Mean change**: +5.04% | **Median change**: +5.14%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value, out of gas @ 100M` | 5299.77 | 5258.91 | -0.77% | 1.1% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value, out of gas @ 100M` | 5368.03 | 5377.08 | +0.17% | 1.7% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value, revert @ 100M` | 5288.72 | 5341.22 | +0.99% | 2.2% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSLOAD @ 100M` | 871.43 | 885.77 | +1.64% | 3.4% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 1495.48 | 1531.98 | +2.44% | 1.2% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value, revert @ 100M` | 5151.39 | 5306.29 | +3.01% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_True-SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 1487.48 | 1537.52 | +3.36% | 2.5% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SSTORE_same @ 100M` | 122306.00 | 126874.96 | +3.74% | 1.4% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SLOAD @ 100M` | 2218.26 | 2332.21 | **+5.14%** | 2.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value, revert @ 100M` | 238.50 | 253.01 | **+6.08%** | 1.3% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 244.97 | 262.25 | **+7.05%** | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold_benchmark[SSTORE_new @ 100M` | 113316.91 | 121322.24 | **+7.06%** | 1.8% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value, out of gas @ 100M` | 576.18 | 624.82 | **+8.44%** | 1.6% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value, out of gas @ 100M` | 235.34 | 255.42 | **+8.53%** | 1.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 234.60 | 255.27 | **+8.81%** | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSTORE new value, revert @ 100M` | 573.28 | 624.50 | **+8.93%** | 2.0% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_storage_access_cold[absent_slots_False-SSLOAD @ 100M` | 290.72 | 322.71 | **+11.00%** | 3.0% | 1.7% |  |

### STATICCALL

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: +4.95% | **Median change**: +4.54%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: +4.47%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 68.50 | 70.92 | +3.54% | 3.1% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.69 | 70.33 | +3.90% | 3.4% | 5.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 70.25 | 73.28 | +4.31% | 3.2% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.00 | 69.93 | +4.38% | 3.1% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 69.35 | 72.50 | +4.54% | 3.4% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 67.33 | 70.46 | +4.65% | 3.0% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 68.39 | 71.81 | +4.99% | 3.0% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 69.81 | 73.63 | **+5.48%** | 3.0% | 5.4% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: +8.76%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_STATICCALL @ 100M` | 105.17 | 114.38 | **+8.76%** | 4.6% | 4.8% |  |

### CREATE

**Tests**: 11 (stable: 11) | **Mean change**: +4.56% | **Median change**: +4.96%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_create[0 bytes with value-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3951.12 | 3935.98 | -0.38% | 1.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes without value-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3978.04 | 4000.74 | +0.57% | 1.2% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 106043.29 | 109974.56 | +3.71% | 4.3% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 101822.30 | 105697.60 | +3.81% | 2.5% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 78306.29 | 81701.71 | +4.34% | 1.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 107659.91 | 113002.29 | +4.96% | 2.3% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 96219.38 | 101704.60 | **+5.70%** | 2.1% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 100026.41 | 105832.67 | **+5.80%** | 2.5% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 81882.75 | 86766.76 | **+5.96%** | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 105912.35 | 113218.92 | **+6.90%** | 3.2% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE @ 100M` | 3667.76 | 3988.36 | **+8.74%** | 1.7% | 3.0% |  |

### DELEGATECALL

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: +4.52% | **Median change**: +3.75%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: +3.81%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.26 | 62.30 | +3.40% | 2.9% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 61.28 | 63.47 | +3.58% | 3.1% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.19 | 62.35 | +3.59% | 3.1% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.13 | 62.29 | +3.61% | 2.7% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.74 | 63.02 | +3.75% | 3.0% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 60.57 | 62.85 | +3.77% | 2.8% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 59.83 | 62.15 | +3.87% | 2.6% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 69.52 | 72.94 | +4.91% | 3.7% | 5.9% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: +10.24%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_DELEGATECALL @ 100M` | 109.21 | 120.40 | **+10.24%** | 4.9% | 2.9% |  |

### EXTCODECOPY

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +4.46% | **Median change**: +4.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODECOPY @ 100M` | 124.72 | 130.28 | +4.46% | 5.5% | 4.6% |  |

### BLOCK_FULL_OF_ETHER_TRANSFERS

**Tests**: 10 (stable: 10) | **Mean change**: +3.62% | **Median change**: +4.58%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_a @ 100M` | 1185.91 | 1183.59 | -0.20% | 1.5% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_a @ 100M` | 1203.65 | 1208.67 | +0.42% | 1.0% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_b @ 100M` | 1114.35 | 1121.50 | +0.64% | 1.1% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_b @ 100M` | 1102.80 | 1133.03 | +2.74% | 2.3% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_a_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 629.33 | 656.51 | +4.32% | 1.4% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_diff_acc_to_b @ 100M` | 591.04 | 619.63 | +4.84% | 1.0% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_a_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 582.18 | 610.55 | +4.87% | 0.9% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_diff_acc_to_b @ 100M` | 588.28 | 619.00 | **+5.22%** | 1.0% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_1-case_id_diff_acc_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 377.67 | 402.65 | **+6.61%** | 0.6% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_block_full_of_ether_transfers[balance_0-case_id_diff_acc_to_diff_acc @ 100M` | 392.12 | 418.70 | **+6.78%** | 1.7% | 1.3% |  |

### IDENTITY_FIXED_SIZE

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +3.51% | **Median change**: +3.45%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 124.95 | 128.91 | +3.16% | 2.3% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 82.72 | 85.41 | +3.26% | 2.5% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 83.52 | 86.55 | +3.64% | 2.8% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_identity_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 96.00 | 99.81 | +3.97% | 2.9% | 1.2% |  |

### CALL

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: +3.41% | **Median change**: +3.20%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: +3.14%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.20 | 59.87 | +2.87% | 2.8% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 60.03 | 61.77 | +2.90% | 2.6% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.72 | 60.52 | +3.07% | 3.4% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.90 | 59.70 | +3.12% | 2.7% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.43 | 59.27 | +3.20% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 58.72 | 60.64 | +3.26% | 3.2% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 57.75 | 59.69 | +3.36% | 2.8% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 59.77 | 61.79 | +3.38% | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: +5.56%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_CALL @ 100M` | 100.84 | 106.44 | **+5.56%** | 6.2% | 8.8% |  |

### SELFDESTRUCT_INITCODE

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: +3.11% | **Median change**: +3.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_selfdestruct_initcode[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 2058.57 | 2119.46 | +2.96% | 1.3% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_initcode[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 2033.44 | 2099.64 | +3.26% | 0.3% | 1.4% |  |

### BLAKE2F

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: +2.92% | **Median change**: +3.64%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_blake2f[blake2f @ 100M` | 43.09 | 43.07 | -0.04% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_24 @ 100M` | 50.55 | 52.08 | +3.03% | 1.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_12 @ 100M` | 51.47 | 53.34 | +3.64% | 1.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_6 @ 100M` | 51.88 | 53.91 | +3.91% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_blake2f_benchmark[num_rounds_1 @ 100M` | 52.38 | 54.50 | +4.05% | 1.8% | 1.0% |  |

### AUTH_TRANSACTION

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +2.70% | **Median change**: +2.60%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_True @ 100M` | 353.66 | 358.66 | +1.41% | 1.2% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_True @ 100M` | 335.40 | 341.99 | +1.97% | 0.9% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_False @ 100M` | 253.76 | 261.99 | +3.24% | 1.0% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_auth_transaction[zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_False @ 100M` | 259.94 | 270.80 | +4.17% | 2.7% | 1.1% |  |

### CODESIZE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +2.68% | **Median change**: +2.68%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_codesize[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 50.08 | 51.43 | +2.68% | 2.9% | 3.2% |  |

### SHA256_FIXED_SIZE

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +2.61% | **Median change**: +2.76%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 79.05 | 79.96 | +1.15% | 0.4% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 81.82 | 83.70 | +2.30% | 1.3% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 87.71 | 90.53 | +3.22% | 2.2% | 1.1% |  |
| `test_sha256_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 91.21 | 94.67 | +3.79% | 2.1% | 1.0% |  |

### CALLCODE

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: +2.59% | **Median change**: +3.16%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: +3.15%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.38 | 57.96 | +2.79% | 2.6% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.18 | 57.83 | +2.94% | 2.7% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 56.29 | 57.96 | +2.96% | 2.7% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.05 | 56.79 | +3.16% | 2.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.38 | 57.18 | +3.26% | 2.6% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.29 | 57.10 | +3.26% | 2.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 63.29 | 65.41 | +3.35% | 3.4% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 55.12 | 57.06 | +3.51% | 2.4% | 3.3% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: -1.88%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_CALLCODE @ 100M` | 110.07 | 108.00 | -1.88% | 3.5% | 4.0% |  |

### RIPEMD160_FIXED_SIZE

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +2.46% | **Median change**: +2.57%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_1024 @ 100M` | 328.18 | 330.81 | +0.80% | 0.5% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_256 @ 100M` | 311.10 | 317.60 | +2.09% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_32 @ 100M` | 331.39 | 341.53 | +3.06% | 1.7% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_ripemd160_fixed_size[size_0 @ 100M` | 282.12 | 293.10 | +3.89% | 1.5% | 1.1% |  |

### SELFDESTRUCT_CREATED

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: +2.30% | **Median change**: +2.30%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_selfdestruct_created[value_bearing_True @ 100M` | 1308.68 | 1338.36 | +2.27% | 0.7% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_selfdestruct_created[value_bearing_False @ 100M` | 1309.73 | 1340.34 | +2.34% | 1.2% | 0.9% |  |

### IDENTITY

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +2.12% | **Median change**: +2.12%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_identity[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 2402.22 | 2453.06 | +2.12% | 1.9% | 0.5% |  |

### BLS12_G1_MSM

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +1.92% | **Median change**: +0.27%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_64 @ 100M` | 128.19 | 128.36 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_128 @ 100M` | 122.17 | 122.35 | +0.15% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_16 @ 100M` | 127.98 | 128.49 | +0.40% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g1_msm[k_1 @ 100M` | 197.17 | 211.01 | **+7.02%** | 9.7% | 0.2% |  |

### CREATE2

**Tests**: 11 (stable: 11) | **Mean change**: +1.91% | **Median change**: +1.27%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 39637.27 | 38074.91 | -3.94% | 1.2% | 14.6% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes without value-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 3669.82 | 3654.78 | -0.41% | 1.3% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_create[0 bytes with value-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 3674.97 | 3687.45 | +0.34% | 1.3% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42189.89 | 42644.60 | +1.08% | 1.7% | 1.7% |  |
| `test_create[0.25x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 39274.35 | 39750.86 | +1.21% | 1.3% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 43340.15 | 43891.48 | +1.27% | 0.5% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_create[0.75x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42545.38 | 43243.41 | +1.64% | 1.2% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_create[max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 41616.85 | 42599.94 | +2.36% | 0.8% | 2.0% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 43624.51 | 44678.41 | +2.42% | 0.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_create[0.50x max code size with non-zero data-opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 42444.42 | 43917.80 | +3.47% | 2.2% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_creates_collisions[opcode_CREATE2 @ 100M` | 5868.34 | 6550.00 | **+11.62%** | 5.8% | 1.7% |  |

### RETURN

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: +1.87% | **Median change**: +2.89%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of non-zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 17156.01 | 17084.68 | -0.42% | 4.5% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1MiB of zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 30804.30 | 30937.13 | +0.43% | 0.6% | 1.7% |  |
| `test_return_revert[empty-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 70.47 | 72.50 | +2.89% | 2.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of non-zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 129.73 | 133.72 | +3.07% | 2.3% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_return_revert[1KiB of zero data-opcode_RETURN @ 100M` | 105.80 | 109.38 | +3.39% | 2.2% | 1.5% |  |

### ALT_BN128

**Tests**: 25 (stable: 25) | **Mean change**: +1.77% | **Median change**: +0.16%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_3 @ 100M` | 102.61 | 102.57 | -0.04% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_2_pair @ 100M` | 101.40 | 101.42 | +0.02% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_4_pair @ 100M` | 104.68 | 104.73 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_24 @ 100M` | 105.98 | 106.04 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_6 @ 100M` | 102.94 | 103.00 | +0.06% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_5_pair @ 100M` | 103.33 | 103.41 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_two_pairings @ 100M` | 101.24 | 101.32 | +0.08% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_32_byte_coord_and_scalar @ 100M` | 110.72 | 110.86 | +0.12% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_1_2_32_byte_scalar @ 100M` | 110.67 | 110.81 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul @ 100M` | 110.48 | 110.63 | +0.13% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_1 @ 100M` | 100.66 | 100.79 | +0.13% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_one_pairing @ 100M` | 100.53 | 100.68 | +0.14% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128_benchmark[num_pairs_12 @ 100M` | 105.37 | 105.54 | +0.16% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add @ 100M` | 65.82 | 66.72 | +1.37% | 0.7% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add_1_2 @ 100M` | 65.61 | 66.67 | +1.62% | 0.8% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_1_2_2_scalar @ 100M` | 1462.88 | 1487.74 | +1.70% | 1.0% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_add_infinities @ 100M` | 116.69 | 118.98 | +1.97% | 0.8% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_32_byte_coord_and_2_scalar @ 100M` | 1472.13 | 1501.52 | +2.00% | 0.9% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_2_sets @ 100M` | 55732.44 | 57346.16 | +2.90% | 1.6% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_infinities_32_byte_scalar @ 100M` | 3415.35 | 3533.29 | +3.45% | 1.9% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[bn128_mul_infinities_2_scalar @ 100M` | 3380.08 | 3523.33 | +4.24% | 2.2% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_1_pair @ 100M` | 21630.16 | 22675.86 | +4.83% | 1.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_1_pair_empty @ 100M` | 107544.50 | 112957.42 | **+5.03%** | 0.9% | 2.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_zero_input @ 100M` | 21354.13 | 22461.09 | **+5.18%** | 1.1% | 2.1% |  |
| `test_alt_bn128[ec_pairing_3_pair @ 100M` | 111284.84 | 121225.46 | **+8.93%** | 3.4% | 4.3% |  |

### CODECOPY

**Tests**: 30 (stable: 30) | **Mean change**: +1.77% | **Median change**: +1.62%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 199.90 | 200.00 | +0.05% | 1.5% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 201.56 | 201.91 | +0.17% | 1.3% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0 bytes @ 100M` | 100.05 | 100.57 | +0.52% | 0.9% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 4842.50 | 4873.54 | +0.64% | 0.9% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 199.49 | 200.89 | +0.70% | 1.6% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-max code size @ 100M` | 829.83 | 837.75 | +0.95% | 1.2% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 4800.60 | 4846.83 | +0.96% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 200.06 | 202.02 | +0.98% | 1.4% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 4819.66 | 4868.56 | +1.01% | 0.5% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.25x max code size @ 100M` | 684.55 | 691.82 | +1.06% | 3.7% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.25x max code size @ 100M` | 524.96 | 532.25 | +1.39% | 0.5% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.75x max code size @ 100M` | 925.79 | 939.78 | +1.51% | 1.1% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0.50x max code size @ 100M` | 713.04 | 723.98 | +1.53% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 110.43 | 112.14 | +1.55% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 110.42 | 112.17 | +1.58% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 110.26 | 112.10 | +1.66% | 1.3% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_24576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 4776.73 | 4857.95 | +1.70% | 1.2% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 90.60 | 92.20 | +1.77% | 1.7% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 110.32 | 112.44 | +1.92% | 1.2% | 2.3% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_False-0 bytes @ 100M` | 68.40 | 69.73 | +1.93% | 1.6% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 90.60 | 92.37 | +1.96% | 1.7% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 90.66 | 92.45 | +1.98% | 1.8% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-max code size @ 100M` | 4269.28 | 4360.18 | +2.13% | 1.2% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 89.79 | 91.72 | +2.14% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.75x max code size @ 100M` | 1097.79 | 1126.92 | +2.65% | 3.0% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_codecopy[fixed_src_dst_True-0.50x max code size @ 100M` | 946.36 | 974.20 | +2.94% | 5.2% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 256.05 | 264.38 | +3.25% | 2.8% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 257.78 | 266.17 | +3.26% | 2.6% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 254.72 | 265.70 | +4.31% | 2.9% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_codecopy_benchmark[code_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 254.58 | 266.64 | +4.74% | 3.2% | 2.5% |  |

### BALANCE

**Tests**: 10 (stable: 10) | **Mean change**: +1.29% | **Median change**: -0.69%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 320.21 | 312.71 | -2.34% | 3.0% | 4.0% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 206.24 | 203.56 | -1.30% | 1.9% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 205.42 | 203.22 | -1.07% | 2.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.27 | 200.44 | -0.90% | 2.0% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.18 | 200.77 | -0.69% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.44 | 201.07 | -0.68% | 2.9% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 202.38 | 201.25 | -0.56% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 205.13 | 204.40 | -0.36% | 2.6% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_cold[absent_accounts_True-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 547.27 | 587.73 | **+7.39%** | 2.4% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_cold[absent_accounts_False-opcode_BALANCE @ 100M` | 197.81 | 224.42 | **+13.46%** | 3.3% | 3.6% |  |

### MODEXP

**Tests**: 89 (stable: 88) | **Mean change**: +1.25% | **Median change**: +0.82%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_298_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1549.54 | 1443.91 | **-6.82%** | 0.5% | 18.9% | :warning: |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_64b_exp_512 @ 100M` | 1094.50 | 1085.74 | -0.80% | 0.1% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_3_even @ 100M` | 100.41 | 99.67 | -0.74% | 0.1% | 1.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_256b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2030.32 | 2027.83 | -0.12% | 0.1% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_408_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 166.13 | 165.98 | -0.09% | 0.8% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_square @ 100M` | 173.70 | 173.72 | +0.01% | 3.4% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_square @ 100M` | 95.82 | 95.90 | +0.08% | 1.8% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_1024b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 107894.25 | 108054.89 | +0.15% | 2.8% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_marius_1_even @ 100M` | 1216.57 | 1218.86 | +0.19% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_128b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 1638.81 | 1642.31 | +0.21% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_128b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 1642.87 | 1646.72 | +0.23% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_256b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2035.41 | 2040.21 | +0.24% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_512b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2155.46 | 2161.19 | +0.27% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_512b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 2146.59 | 2152.48 | +0.27% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_64b_exp_512 @ 100M` | 1096.88 | 1100.15 | +0.30% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 913.15 | 915.90 | +0.30% | 1.5% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1024_exp_2 @ 100M` | 188.84 | 189.41 | +0.30% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_2_even @ 100M` | 1146.76 | 1150.60 | +0.34% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_65 @ 100M` | 170.69 | 171.42 | +0.43% | 0.4% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1349n1 @ 100M` | 185.88 | 186.77 | +0.48% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_example_2 @ 100M` | 163.31 | 164.09 | +0.48% | 0.2% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_16b_exp_320 @ 100M` | 533.32 | 535.96 | +0.50% | 0.6% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_256_exp_2 @ 100M` | 167.96 | 168.82 | +0.51% | 0.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_256 @ 100M` | 221.02 | 222.19 | +0.53% | 0.4% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_264_exp_2 @ 100M` | 164.18 | 165.06 | +0.54% | 0.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 734.47 | 738.59 | +0.56% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_qube @ 100M` | 108.70 | 109.34 | +0.59% | 1.1% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_example_1 @ 100M` | 238.40 | 239.82 | +0.59% | 0.5% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_qube @ 100M` | 134.44 | 135.27 | +0.62% | 1.0% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_852_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 905.61 | 911.26 | +0.62% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_5_qube @ 100M` | 152.48 | 153.43 | +0.63% | 3.5% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_zkevm_worst_case @ 100M` | 229.79 | 231.31 | +0.66% | 0.4% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1360n1 @ 100M` | 171.96 | 173.10 | +0.66% | 0.3% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_767_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 482.26 | 485.51 | +0.67% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_800_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 169.88 | 171.03 | +0.68% | 0.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1045_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 178.06 | 179.27 | +0.68% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_616_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 165.64 | 166.77 | +0.68% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1360n2 @ 100M` | 250.94 | 252.68 | +0.70% | 0.4% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_3_square @ 100M` | 117.97 | 118.79 | +0.70% | 1.2% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_1360_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 238.17 | 239.83 | +0.70% | 0.3% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_guido_1_even @ 100M` | 1475.33 | 1485.83 | +0.71% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_256 @ 100M` | 235.48 | 237.26 | +0.76% | 0.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_4 @ 100M` | 195.07 | 196.57 | +0.77% | 0.6% | 0.7% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_1152n1 @ 100M` | 274.37 | 276.51 | +0.78% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_800_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 887.80 | 895.09 | +0.82% | 0.6% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_cover_windows @ 100M` | 240.86 | 242.85 | +0.82% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_765_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 328.49 | 331.29 | +0.85% | 0.5% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_677_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 209.07 | 210.86 | +0.86% | 0.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_8b_exp_896 @ 100M` | 1445.71 | 1458.19 | +0.86% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_8_exp_896 @ 100M` | 1549.15 | 1562.59 | +0.87% | 0.5% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_odd_32b_exp_96 @ 100M` | 194.31 | 196.02 | +0.88% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_400_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 566.19 | 571.24 | +0.89% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_3 @ 100M` | 299.37 | 302.10 | +0.91% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_128 @ 100M` | 208.97 | 210.93 | +0.94% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_pawel_2 @ 100M` | 593.38 | 599.07 | +0.96% | 0.7% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1322.53 | 1335.60 | +0.99% | 0.3% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n3 @ 100M` | 106.89 | 107.96 | +1.01% | 1.3% | 1.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_8_exp_648 @ 100M` | 1360.29 | 1374.71 | +1.06% | 0.4% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_square @ 100M` | 148.78 | 150.37 | +1.07% | 0.7% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_24b_exp_168 @ 100M` | 261.80 | 264.85 | +1.16% | 0.5% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_215_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1359.44 | 1375.51 | +1.18% | 0.5% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_408_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 381.32 | 386.32 | +1.31% | 1.6% | 1.0% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_867_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 169.56 | 171.89 | +1.37% | 0.6% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_64 @ 100M` | 169.57 | 171.91 | +1.38% | 0.6% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_600_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 435.44 | 441.56 | +1.41% | 1.4% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_96 @ 100M` | 166.02 | 168.37 | +1.41% | 0.4% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n1 @ 100M` | 124.90 | 126.83 | +1.55% | 1.3% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_qube @ 100M` | 91.04 | 92.55 | +1.66% | 0.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 381.22 | 387.80 | +1.73% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_600_gas_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 760.14 | 773.62 | +1.77% | 2.1% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 261.21 | 266.19 | +1.91% | 0.6% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_32b_exp_40 @ 100M` | 112.66 | 114.88 | +1.97% | 0.6% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_40 @ 100M` | 144.52 | 147.37 | +1.98% | 0.7% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8 @ 100M` | 182.39 | 186.02 | +1.99% | 0.8% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_common_200n2 @ 100M` | 141.31 | 144.33 | +2.14% | 1.0% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_36 @ 100M` | 138.48 | 141.57 | +2.23% | 1.0% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_exp_208_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 143.79 | 147.02 | +2.25% | 0.7% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_32_exp_32 @ 100M` | 133.01 | 136.34 | +2.50% | 0.7% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_square @ 100M` | 176.30 | 181.94 | +3.20% | 1.0% | 1.2% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_1_qube @ 100M` | 169.84 | 175.30 | +3.21% | 0.9% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_even_1024b_exp_1024 @ 100M` | 108068.71 | 111813.38 | +3.47% | 1.5% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_2_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 2825.55 | 2936.57 | +3.93% | 2.3% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_min_gas_base_heavy @ 100M` | 147.34 | 153.25 | +4.01% | 2.4% | 0.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_4_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 761.28 | 791.83 | +4.01% | 2.5% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 1278.16 | 1332.09 | +4.22% | 2.3% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_996_gas_balanced @ 100M` | 494.54 | 515.43 | +4.22% | 7.9% | 0.3% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_pawel_1_exp_heavy @ 100M` | 10176.82 | 10657.85 | +4.73% | 2.4% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_2_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 577.07 | 605.87 | +4.99% | 9.2% | 0.4% |  |
| `test_modexp[mod_vul_nagydani_4_pow_0x10001 @ 100M` | 800.76 | 846.42 | **+5.70%** | 11.9% | 0.5% |  |

### PUSH24

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +1.05% | **Median change**: +1.05%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH24 @ 100M` | 97.49 | 98.52 | +1.05% | 11.3% | 13.7% |  |

### STORAGE_ACCESS_WARM

**Tests**: 6 (stable: 6) | **Mean change**: +1.02% | **Median change**: -0.79%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_storage_access_warm[SLOAD @ 100M` | 235.41 | 229.95 | -2.32% | 9.5% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm[SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 230.93 | 226.54 | -1.90% | 8.2% | 3.1% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm[SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 183.51 | 181.84 | -0.91% | 6.9% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SLOAD @ 100M` | 328.12 | 325.91 | -0.67% | 4.2% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SSTORE same value @ 100M` | 124385.63 | 129977.61 | +4.50% | 3.7% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_storage_access_warm_benchmark[SSTORE new value @ 100M` | 112341.08 | 120693.04 | **+7.43%** | 2.4% | 3.2% |  |

### JUMPDEST_ANALYSIS

**Tests**: 6 (stable: 6) | **Mean change**: +0.79% | **Median change**: +0.58%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[00 @ 100M` | 824.07 | 827.41 | +0.41% | 0.8% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[615b5b5b @ 100M` | 745.17 | 748.32 | +0.42% | 0.4% | 0.8% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[605b5b @ 100M` | 694.14 | 697.98 | +0.55% | 0.3% | 0.5% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[5b @ 100M` | 395.09 | 397.50 | +0.61% | 0.3% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[615b5b @ 100M` | 1022.49 | 1030.21 | +0.76% | 0.6% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_jumpdest_analysis[605b @ 100M` | 1055.53 | 1076.82 | +2.02% | 2.2% | 0.5% |  |

### PUSH28

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.76% | **Median change**: +0.76%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH28 @ 100M` | 97.07 | 97.80 | +0.76% | 11.4% | 13.7% |  |

### P256VERIFY

**Tests**: 3 (stable: 3) | **Mean change**: +0.73% | **Median change**: +0.15%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_p256verify[p256verify @ 100M` | 127.00 | 127.14 | +0.11% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_p256verify[p256verify_modular_comp_x_coordinate_exceeds_n @ 100M` | 126.46 | 126.64 | +0.15% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_p256verify[p256verify_wrong_endianness @ 100M` | 2587.56 | 2637.40 | +1.93% | 1.1% | 0.7% |  |

### PUSH30

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.57% | **Median change**: +0.57%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH30 @ 100M` | 96.42 | 96.98 | +0.57% | 11.2% | 13.4% |  |

### PUSH4

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.57% | **Median change**: +0.57%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH4 @ 100M` | 98.43 | 98.99 | +0.57% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### BLS12_G2_MSM

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +0.56% | **Median change**: +0.33%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_64 @ 100M` | 181.98 | 182.25 | +0.15% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_128 @ 100M` | 178.07 | 178.43 | +0.20% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_16 @ 100M` | 173.85 | 174.63 | +0.45% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_g2_msm[k_1 @ 100M` | 287.39 | 291.49 | +1.43% | 1.6% | 0.3% |  |

### BLOCK_FULL_DATA

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: +0.55% | **Median change**: +0.55%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_full_data[zero_byte_False @ 100M` | 11426.07 | 11440.82 | +0.13% | 0.8% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_block_full_data[zero_byte_True @ 100M` | 3217.24 | 3248.70 | +0.98% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |

### TLOAD

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: +0.55% | **Median change**: +0.24%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_tload[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 854.02 | 833.47 | -2.41% | 5.7% | 1.3% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 839.05 | 818.91 | -2.40% | 6.4% | 1.6% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 118253.94 | 121667.25 | +2.89% | 2.1% | 2.4% |  |
| `test_tload[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 116948.39 | 121746.80 | +4.10% | 3.4% | 3.0% |  |

### PUSH3

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.54% | **Median change**: +0.54%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH3 @ 100M` | 98.49 | 99.03 | +0.54% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH16

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.52% | **Median change**: +0.52%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH16 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.94 | +0.52% | 11.5% | 13.9% |  |

### EXP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.52% | **Median change**: +0.52%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_EXP- @ 100M` | 148.55 | 149.32 | +0.52% | 1.2% | 0.7% |  |

### PUSH14

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.49% | **Median change**: +0.49%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH14 @ 100M` | 98.41 | 98.89 | +0.49% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH2

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.49% | **Median change**: +0.49%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH2 @ 100M` | 98.50 | 98.98 | +0.49% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH29

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.48% | **Median change**: +0.48%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH29 @ 100M` | 96.71 | 97.17 | +0.48% | 11.3% | 13.4% |  |

### PUSH12

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.48% | **Median change**: +0.48%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH12 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.89 | +0.48% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH23

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.47% | **Median change**: +0.47%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH23 @ 100M` | 98.27 | 98.74 | +0.47% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH1

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.47% | **Median change**: +0.47%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH1 @ 100M` | 98.60 | 99.07 | +0.47% | 11.6% | 13.9% |  |

### PUSH26

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.47% | **Median change**: +0.47%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH26 @ 100M` | 97.49 | 97.94 | +0.47% | 11.4% | 13.6% |  |

### PUSH31

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.46% | **Median change**: +0.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH31 @ 100M` | 96.14 | 96.58 | +0.46% | 11.1% | 13.3% |  |

### PUSH15

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.46% | **Median change**: +0.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH15 @ 100M` | 98.38 | 98.83 | +0.46% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH27

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.46% | **Median change**: +0.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH27 @ 100M` | 97.16 | 97.61 | +0.46% | 11.4% | 13.5% |  |

### PUSH25

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.46% | **Median change**: +0.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH25 @ 100M` | 97.80 | 98.24 | +0.46% | 11.4% | 13.6% |  |

### PUSH19

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.45% | **Median change**: +0.45%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH19 @ 100M` | 98.32 | 98.77 | +0.45% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH18

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.44% | **Median change**: +0.44%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH18 @ 100M` | 98.43 | 98.86 | +0.44% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH20

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.43% | **Median change**: +0.43%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH20 @ 100M` | 98.38 | 98.80 | +0.43% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH17

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.43% | **Median change**: +0.43%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH17 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.85 | +0.43% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH8

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.42% | **Median change**: +0.42%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH8 @ 100M` | 98.50 | 98.91 | +0.42% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH13

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.41% | **Median change**: +0.41%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH13 @ 100M` | 98.48 | 98.88 | +0.41% | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH21

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.40% | **Median change**: +0.40%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH21 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.81 | +0.40% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH9

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.40% | **Median change**: +0.40%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH9 @ 100M` | 98.53 | 98.92 | +0.40% | 11.5% | 13.8% |  |

### PUSH6

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.39% | **Median change**: +0.39%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH6 @ 100M` | 98.56 | 98.94 | +0.39% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH7

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.37% | **Median change**: +0.37%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH7 @ 100M` | 98.47 | 98.84 | +0.37% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH10

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.35% | **Median change**: +0.35%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH10 @ 100M` | 98.45 | 98.80 | +0.35% | 11.6% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH11

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.31% | **Median change**: +0.31%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH11 @ 100M` | 98.49 | 98.79 | +0.31% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH5

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.31% | **Median change**: +0.31%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH5 @ 100M` | 98.53 | 98.84 | +0.31% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### PUSH22

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.30% | **Median change**: +0.30%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH22 @ 100M` | 98.42 | 98.72 | +0.30% | 11.5% | 13.7% |  |

### ECRECOVER

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.29% | **Median change**: +0.29%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ecrecover[ecrecover @ 100M` | 72.66 | 72.87 | +0.29% | 0.2% | 0.1% |  |

### EXTCODEHASH

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: +0.21% | **Median change**: -0.70%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: -0.67%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 316.35 | 312.74 | -1.14% | 3.4% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.54 | 203.64 | -0.92% | 2.2% | 2.9% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.80 | 204.18 | -0.79% | 2.0% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.50 | 204.04 | -0.71% | 2.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 205.18 | 203.75 | -0.70% | 2.1% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 201.55 | 200.50 | -0.52% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 201.68 | 201.06 | -0.31% | 1.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 204.38 | 203.83 | -0.27% | 2.0% | 2.6% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: +7.27%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODEHASH @ 100M` | 122.60 | 131.51 | **+7.27%** | 6.2% | 4.9% |  |

### CALLDATALOAD

**Tests**: 8 (stable: 8) | **Mean change**: +0.16% | **Median change**: -0.21%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 107601.93 | 106748.43 | -0.79% | 4.4% | 6.2% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 110957.56 | 110361.45 | -0.54% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 99118.07 | 98819.70 | -0.30% | 5.3% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 99751.45 | 99478.08 | -0.27% | 5.8% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 98427.39 | 98277.11 | -0.15% | 5.8% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 92962.41 | 93773.17 | +0.87% | 6.8% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_False-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 93918.50 | 94744.14 | +0.88% | 5.1% | 6.5% |  |
| `test_calldataload[zero_data_True-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 92807.11 | 94257.35 | +1.56% | 6.4% | 6.2% |  |

### BLS12_381

**Tests**: 7 (stable: 7) | **Mean change**: +0.12% | **Median change**: +0.13%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_fp_to_g1 @ 100M` | 79.32 | 76.76 | -3.22% | 0.3% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_fp_to_g2 @ 100M` | 78.64 | 78.48 | -0.20% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_pairing_check @ 100M` | 64.87 | 64.86 | -0.02% | 0.2% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g1msm @ 100M` | 122.15 | 122.31 | +0.13% | 0.0% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g2msm @ 100M` | 181.90 | 182.28 | +0.21% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g1add @ 100M` | 60.73 | 61.73 | +1.64% | 3.7% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_bls12_381[bls12_g2add @ 100M` | 65.34 | 66.83 | +2.28% | 0.7% | 4.0% |  |

### BN128_PAIRINGS_AMORTIZED

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.07% | **Median change**: +0.07%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bn128_pairings_amortized[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 106.14 | 106.21 | +0.07% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |

### BLS12_PAIRING

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: +0.06% | **Median change**: +0.08%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_1 @ 100M` | 65.09 | 65.09 | +0.00% | 0.1% | 0.2% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_24 @ 100M` | 80.84 | 80.90 | +0.07% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_12 @ 100M` | 79.23 | 79.29 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_6 @ 100M` | 75.43 | 75.49 | +0.08% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |
| `test_bls12_pairing[num_pairs_3 @ 100M` | 71.37 | 71.43 | +0.09% | 0.1% | 0.0% |  |

### RIPEMD160

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.06% | **Median change**: +0.06%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ripemd160[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 345.70 | 345.89 | +0.06% | 0.2% | 0.2% |  |

### KECCAK_MAX_PERMUTATIONS

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: +0.05% | **Median change**: +0.05%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_keccak_max_permutations[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 80.48 | 80.52 | +0.05% | 0.1% | 0.1% |  |

### EMPTY_BLOCK

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: 0.00% | **Median change**: 0.00%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_empty_block[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00% | 0.0% | 0.0% |  |

### SHA256

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -0.04% | **Median change**: -0.04%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_sha256[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 77.31 | 77.28 | -0.04% | 0.5% | 0.6% |  |

### PUSH32

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -0.14% | **Median change**: -0.14%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH32 @ 100M` | 96.27 | 96.14 | -0.14% | 10.7% | 13.3% |  |

### POINT_EVALUATION

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -0.19% | **Median change**: -0.19%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_point_evaluation[point_evaluation @ 100M` | 34.25 | 34.19 | -0.19% | 0.0% | 0.3% |  |

### LOG4

**Tests**: 28 (stable: 24) | **Mean change**: -0.42% | **Median change**: -1.94%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 4794.15 | 4529.46 | **-5.52%** | 6.1% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 86701.86 | 82413.35 | -4.95% | 2.6% | 18.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8085.48 | 7736.89 | -4.31% | 5.6% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8824.36 | 8493.73 | -3.75% | 4.8% | 15.1% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8078.30 | 7785.57 | -3.62% | 5.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 5063.25 | 4884.34 | -3.53% | 5.4% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 7318.25 | 7081.30 | -3.24% | 6.8% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8852.09 | 8566.22 | -3.23% | 5.9% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8096.17 | 7848.18 | -3.06% | 5.5% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13158.33 | 12820.07 | -2.57% | 4.8% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8067.36 | 7868.62 | -2.46% | 5.7% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 7944.72 | 7751.86 | -2.43% | 7.3% | 14.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13069.24 | 12753.56 | -2.42% | 5.1% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8761.77 | 8590.91 | -1.95% | 5.0% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 13078.95 | 12826.75 | -1.93% | 4.9% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 8731.58 | 8584.43 | -1.69% | 5.3% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21899.70 | 21836.91 | -0.29% | 4.5% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21927.18 | 21881.87 | -0.21% | 3.6% | 8.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21971.33 | 21963.62 | -0.04% | 4.1% | 8.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 21822.84 | 21910.73 | +0.40% | 4.1% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 12511.48 | 12869.93 | +2.86% | 6.8% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 85034.34 | 88534.29 | +4.12% | 2.4% | 5.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 87307.39 | 91660.28 | +4.99% | 3.7% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 87451.84 | 92204.92 | **+5.44%** | 1.8% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 91028.66 | 96668.44 | **+6.20%** | 5.9% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 86817.27 | 94163.31 | **+8.46%** | 2.7% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 79009.67 | 89898.45 | **+13.78%** | 16.4% | 5.0% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG4 @ 100M` | 83558.81 | 96157.15 | **+15.08%** | 18.1% | 4.5% | :warning: |

### EXTCODESIZE

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: -0.42% | **Median change**: -0.55%

**test_account_query.py** (stable mean: -0.71%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 319.06 | 313.63 | -1.70% | 3.3% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 199.21 | 197.19 | -1.01% | 1.6% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.17 | 200.48 | -0.83% | 1.5% | 2.2% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.49 | 201.26 | -0.60% | 1.8% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.87 | 197.78 | -0.55% | 1.5% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_True-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 202.21 | 201.30 | -0.45% | 1.4% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_False-empty_code_False-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.09 | 197.41 | -0.35% | 1.7% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_ext_account_query_warm[initial_storage_False-initial_balance_True-empty_code_True-opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 198.22 | 197.85 | -0.19% | 2.1% | 2.2% |  |

**test_unchunkified_bytecode.py** (stable mean: +1.91%)

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_unchunkified_bytecode[opcode_EXTCODESIZE @ 100M` | 123.58 | 125.94 | +1.91% | 6.5% | 2.4% |  |

### MSIZE

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: -0.91% | **Median change**: -1.68%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_msize[mem_size_1000 @ 100M` | 63.23 | 62.10 | -1.79% | 6.5% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_1 @ 100M` | 60.75 | 59.66 | -1.78% | 6.4% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 60.83 | 59.81 | -1.68% | 6.4% | 6.5% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_100000 @ 100M` | 791.64 | 784.06 | -0.96% | 6.1% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_msize[mem_size_1000000 @ 100M` | 26857.59 | 27304.51 | +1.66% | 6.0% | 8.6% |  |

### NUMBER

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -0.99% | **Median change**: -0.99%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_NUMBER @ 100M` | 60.33 | 59.73 | -0.99% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |

### KECCAK

**Tests**: 9 (stable: 9) | **Mean change**: -1.08% | **Median change**: -1.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.68 | 85.40 | -1.48% | 2.8% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.60 | 76.60 | -1.29% | 2.6% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.20 | 85.21 | -1.15% | 2.7% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.83 | 76.95 | -1.13% | 2.5% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_1024-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.36 | 67.60 | -1.11% | 2.7% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.47 | 67.76 | -1.05% | 2.6% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'' @ 100M` | 68.40 | 67.77 | -0.92% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_0-mem_alloc_b'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff' @ 100M` | 86.52 | 85.78 | -0.85% | 3.0% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak[offset_31-mem_alloc_b'ff' @ 100M` | 77.58 | 77.00 | -0.75% | 2.4% | 3.8% |  |

### KECCAK_DIFF_MEM_MSG_SIZES

**Tests**: 16 (stable: 16) | **Mean change**: -1.20% | **Median change**: -1.38%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 72.62 | 71.15 | -2.02% | 2.9% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 72.64 | 71.33 | -1.81% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 80.79 | 79.35 | -1.78% | 2.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 80.70 | 79.27 | -1.77% | 2.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 72.60 | 71.32 | -1.77% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 80.97 | 79.57 | -1.73% | 2.8% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 72.58 | 71.36 | -1.68% | 2.8% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 80.84 | 79.54 | -1.62% | 2.8% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 97.51 | 96.41 | -1.13% | 1.7% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 97.47 | 96.47 | -1.03% | 1.7% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 97.55 | 96.59 | -0.99% | 1.7% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 97.38 | 96.46 | -0.95% | 1.8% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 82.90 | 82.67 | -0.27% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 82.87 | 82.67 | -0.24% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 82.88 | 82.69 | -0.23% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |
| `test_keccak_diff_mem_msg_sizes[msg_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 82.87 | 82.69 | -0.22% | 0.6% | 0.9% |  |

### GASLIMIT

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -1.23% | **Median change**: -1.23%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_GASLIMIT @ 100M` | 60.35 | 59.61 | -1.23% | 6.0% | 7.7% |  |

### JUMP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -1.30% | **Median change**: -1.30%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jump_benchmark[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 80.06 | 79.02 | -1.30% | 45.0% | 30.1% | :warning: |

### LOG3

**Tests**: 28 (stable: 25) | **Mean change**: -1.31% | **Median change**: -2.41%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7127.99 | 6654.67 | **-6.64%** | 7.1% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8563.38 | 8144.27 | -4.89% | 6.5% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7669.25 | 7355.88 | -4.09% | 7.0% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 4229.77 | 4059.79 | -4.02% | 7.3% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 4477.81 | 4298.40 | -4.01% | 6.6% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13783.37 | 13236.82 | -3.97% | 5.8% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7618.49 | 7336.62 | -3.70% | 6.9% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8600.87 | 8312.44 | -3.35% | 7.1% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7635.05 | 7387.99 | -3.24% | 7.0% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8459.40 | 8208.55 | -2.97% | 6.1% | 14.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7612.59 | 7391.16 | -2.91% | 6.8% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 7582.41 | 7367.94 | -2.83% | 7.5% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13757.10 | 13425.69 | -2.41% | 5.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89975.67 | 87924.48 | -2.28% | 2.3% | 21.2% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13697.24 | 13444.18 | -1.85% | 5.5% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 8442.72 | 8347.97 | -1.12% | 8.1% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 23052.88 | 22963.46 | -0.39% | 4.1% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 22915.83 | 22845.82 | -0.31% | 4.9% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 13525.55 | 13487.34 | -0.28% | 5.9% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 23086.13 | 23022.12 | -0.28% | 3.8% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 22821.39 | 22836.60 | +0.07% | 4.0% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89798.03 | 92311.10 | +2.80% | 1.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 88259.63 | 91540.34 | +3.72% | 4.3% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 89655.90 | 93283.44 | +4.05% | 1.9% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 90038.57 | 94511.05 | +4.97% | 3.3% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 86829.08 | 91169.62 | +5.00% | 1.5% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 83664.48 | 92959.45 | **+11.11%** | 18.1% | 4.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG3 @ 100M` | 80946.19 | 90804.20 | **+12.18%** | 17.9% | 5.4% | :warning: |

### LOG0

**Tests**: 28 (stable: 27) | **Mean change**: -1.32% | **Median change**: -2.54%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4391.63 | 4065.50 | **-7.43%** | 11.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4353.88 | 4045.11 | **-7.09%** | 11.5% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4384.07 | 4088.64 | **-6.74%** | 11.5% | 15.0% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4380.50 | 4086.19 | **-6.72%** | 11.5% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6550.69 | 6143.34 | **-6.22%** | 10.9% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6728.92 | 6323.99 | **-6.02%** | 11.0% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4388.21 | 4124.61 | **-6.01%** | 11.7% | 14.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6703.45 | 6309.42 | **-5.88%** | 11.1% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 6573.48 | 6203.98 | **-5.62%** | 10.8% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 4362.58 | 4131.67 | **-5.29%** | 11.6% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 1682.42 | 1601.29 | -4.82% | 8.3% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 1678.46 | 1613.14 | -3.89% | 7.4% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17450.35 | 16955.25 | -2.84% | 7.3% | 9.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17481.23 | 17019.63 | -2.64% | 8.1% | 9.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17553.33 | 17106.65 | -2.54% | 7.9% | 9.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 17175.32 | 17011.51 | -0.95% | 8.9% | 9.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27232.64 | 27183.32 | -0.18% | 3.6% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27214.26 | 27785.69 | +2.10% | 3.0% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27123.40 | 27741.85 | +2.28% | 2.3% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 91573.83 | 93733.87 | +2.36% | 1.6% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 90105.67 | 92343.87 | +2.48% | 0.6% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 27183.39 | 27891.90 | +2.61% | 3.4% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 88287.77 | 91292.68 | +3.40% | 1.2% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 91999.29 | 95533.23 | +3.84% | 1.1% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86935.56 | 90866.66 | +4.52% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86979.37 | 91036.74 | +4.66% | 3.3% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 88477.84 | 92656.56 | +4.72% | 2.1% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG0 @ 100M` | 86614.69 | 91370.31 | **+5.49%** | 1.0% | 3.9% |  |

### SDIV

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: -1.36% | **Median change**: -1.36%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SDIV-0 @ 100M` | 37.82 | 37.30 | -1.37% | 2.9% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SDIV-1 @ 100M` | 37.29 | 36.80 | -1.34% | 2.9% | 3.5% |  |

### LOG2

**Tests**: 28 (stable: 26) | **Mean change**: -1.41% | **Median change**: -2.54%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 3763.99 | 3537.66 | **-6.01%** | 6.8% | 9.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14876.03 | 14013.33 | **-5.80%** | 6.6% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8195.12 | 7805.21 | -4.76% | 7.9% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7097.72 | 6769.58 | -4.62% | 8.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7074.73 | 6766.43 | -4.36% | 8.1% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7053.14 | 6765.12 | -4.08% | 8.2% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8255.20 | 7918.65 | -4.08% | 7.8% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8260.82 | 7928.46 | -4.02% | 7.9% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 8170.25 | 7848.06 | -3.94% | 7.7% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7028.65 | 6755.68 | -3.88% | 8.3% | 13.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 3586.12 | 3450.33 | -3.79% | 6.6% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 7019.10 | 6762.97 | -3.65% | 8.1% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14870.20 | 14480.08 | -2.62% | 6.6% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24378.57 | 23779.52 | -2.46% | 4.3% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14723.49 | 14391.50 | -2.25% | 7.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 14695.38 | 14364.48 | -2.25% | 6.5% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 85503.35 | 84112.68 | -1.63% | 2.1% | 18.4% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 6364.94 | 6264.69 | -1.58% | 7.1% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24125.04 | 23890.56 | -0.97% | 3.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 23835.20 | 24034.60 | +0.84% | 5.6% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 24108.83 | 24482.88 | +1.55% | 5.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 89322.30 | 92348.51 | +3.39% | 0.6% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 92787.40 | 96220.71 | +3.70% | 1.7% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 87325.88 | 91133.29 | +4.36% | 4.4% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 88273.89 | 92279.09 | +4.54% | 2.3% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 88755.59 | 93044.19 | +4.83% | 2.9% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 87119.23 | 91807.76 | **+5.38%** | 2.3% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG2 @ 100M` | 82320.05 | 92922.68 | **+12.88%** | 21.1% | 4.1% | :warning: |

### TIMESTAMP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -1.41% | **Median change**: -1.41%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_TIMESTAMP @ 100M` | 60.51 | 59.66 | -1.41% | 6.4% | 7.4% |  |

### CALLDATACOPY_FROM_CALL

**Tests**: 14 (stable: 14) | **Mean change**: -1.44% | **Median change**: -2.26%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_0-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 89.06 | 85.60 | -3.88% | 10.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 92.62 | 89.52 | -3.35% | 8.6% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_0-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 69.24 | 67.19 | -2.96% | 6.2% | 7.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 95.27 | 92.53 | -2.87% | 4.7% | 6.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 56.52 | 55.14 | -2.45% | 4.2% | 6.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 70.14 | 68.50 | -2.34% | 6.3% | 8.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 120.77 | 118.02 | -2.28% | 5.7% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_32-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 69.53 | 67.97 | -2.24% | 5.9% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 180.13 | 176.49 | -2.02% | 6.7% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_256-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 150.97 | 148.84 | -1.41% | 5.8% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 289.29 | 289.09 | -0.07% | 4.8% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_True-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 139.42 | 140.50 | +0.78% | 3.5% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_False @ 100M` | 186.57 | 188.07 | +0.80% | 7.7% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_call[calldata_size_1024-non_zero_data_False-fixed_src_dst_True @ 100M` | 283.11 | 294.78 | +4.12% | 9.9% | 10.2% |  |

### EXTCODECOPY_WARM

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: -1.51% | **Median change**: -1.45%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_0 @ 100M` | 227.33 | 223.51 | -1.68% | 3.3% | 4.5% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_256 @ 100M` | 271.94 | 267.54 | -1.62% | 3.6% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_512 @ 100M` | 311.44 | 306.92 | -1.45% | 3.1% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_1024 @ 100M` | 406.14 | 400.25 | -1.45% | 3.3% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_extcodecopy_warm[copy_size_32 @ 100M` | 230.10 | 226.94 | -1.37% | 3.5% | 4.5% |  |

### TSTORE

**Tests**: 4 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: -1.59% | **Median change**: -1.70%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 345.60 | 338.92 | -1.93% | 5.1% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_False @ 100M` | 370.03 | 363.40 | -1.79% | 5.5% | 1.4% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_True-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 371.24 | 365.29 | -1.60% | 5.7% | 1.5% |  |
| `test_tstore[fixed_value_False-fixed_key_True @ 100M` | 344.94 | 341.37 | -1.03% | 4.5% | 1.3% |  |

### MCOPY

**Tests**: 48 (stable: 48) | **Mean change**: -1.61% | **Median change**: -1.79%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 120.88 | 117.26 | -3.00% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 120.82 | 117.22 | -2.98% | 6.2% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 120.72 | 117.22 | -2.90% | 6.1% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 111.73 | 108.59 | -2.81% | 9.5% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 120.58 | 117.22 | -2.79% | 6.3% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 96.91 | 94.21 | -2.78% | 9.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 121.08 | 117.74 | -2.76% | 6.0% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 96.95 | 94.29 | -2.75% | 9.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_256-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 138.48 | 134.71 | -2.73% | 6.0% | 7.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 96.91 | 94.38 | -2.60% | 9.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 96.70 | 94.44 | -2.34% | 9.7% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 69.51 | 67.94 | -2.25% | 5.6% | 7.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 96.80 | 94.63 | -2.24% | 9.5% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 108.03 | 105.68 | -2.17% | 7.5% | 10.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 93.70 | 91.80 | -2.03% | 7.8% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 93.64 | 91.79 | -1.97% | 7.4% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.50 | 68.13 | -1.97% | 5.5% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 178.36 | 174.91 | -1.93% | 6.5% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 93.71 | 91.91 | -1.93% | 7.5% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 93.67 | 91.88 | -1.91% | 7.6% | 10.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 79.73 | 78.23 | -1.87% | 5.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.38 | 68.08 | -1.87% | 5.6% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 69.52 | 68.22 | -1.87% | 5.9% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 71.05 | 69.75 | -1.83% | 5.1% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 178.92 | 175.79 | -1.75% | 6.7% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_0-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 69.40 | 68.18 | -1.75% | 5.9% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 81.37 | 80.03 | -1.64% | 5.0% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 93.88 | 92.34 | -1.63% | 8.2% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 206.12 | 202.77 | -1.63% | 6.6% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 212.83 | 209.39 | -1.62% | 4.6% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 178.53 | 175.76 | -1.55% | 6.5% | 8.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 213.14 | 209.84 | -1.55% | 4.5% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 244.52 | 240.79 | -1.53% | 4.9% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 212.77 | 209.53 | -1.52% | 4.6% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 71.28 | 70.22 | -1.49% | 5.1% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 212.88 | 209.76 | -1.47% | 4.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 71.25 | 70.25 | -1.40% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 178.42 | 176.21 | -1.24% | 6.5% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 212.81 | 210.25 | -1.21% | 4.7% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 71.14 | 70.30 | -1.18% | 5.0% | 6.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_False-copy_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 71.00 | 70.18 | -1.17% | 5.1% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 178.43 | 176.89 | -0.86% | 6.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 320.56 | 320.84 | +0.09% | 3.2% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 314.31 | 315.17 | +0.27% | 2.9% | 2.5% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 315.57 | 316.75 | +0.38% | 3.0% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 366.65 | 368.77 | +0.58% | 3.1% | 2.7% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 317.57 | 321.38 | +1.20% | 3.9% | 4.2% |  |
| `test_mcopy[fixed_src_dst_True-copy_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 315.54 | 323.34 | +2.47% | 2.9% | 3.4% |  |

### LOG1

**Tests**: 28 (stable: 26) | **Mean change**: -1.66% | **Median change**: -3.06%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6135.07 | 5709.13 | **-6.94%** | 11.1% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 5890.99 | 5525.51 | **-6.20%** | 11.3% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6126.69 | 5753.18 | **-6.10%** | 11.0% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6138.16 | 5770.28 | **-5.99%** | 11.0% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7756.58 | 7315.78 | **-5.68%** | 10.9% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7736.72 | 7303.74 | **-5.60%** | 10.8% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6075.27 | 5742.83 | **-5.47%** | 13.0% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7659.55 | 7244.56 | **-5.42%** | 10.6% | 12.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87195.17 | 82519.08 | **-5.36%** | 1.5% | 21.6% | :warning: |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 2804.66 | 2664.06 | **-5.01%** | 7.5% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 93744.22 | 89133.96 | -4.92% | 2.8% | 19.1% | :warning: |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_0-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 6049.24 | 5759.14 | -4.80% | 10.8% | 12.9% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-0_bytes_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 2857.13 | 2735.63 | -4.25% | 9.2% | 9.7% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_32-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 7562.13 | 7248.45 | -4.15% | 10.3% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 17378.94 | 16803.01 | -3.31% | 8.5% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 17232.12 | 16748.37 | -2.81% | 8.7% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_1024-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25453.77 | 24894.23 | -2.20% | 3.0% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25458.33 | 25197.29 | -1.03% | 4.4% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 16912.50 | 16846.19 | -0.39% | 8.6% | 11.4% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_32-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 25363.39 | 25383.48 | +0.08% | 5.5% | 9.1% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_256-mem_size_256-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 16769.71 | 16824.57 | +0.33% | 11.7% | 11.3% |  |
| `test_log_benchmark[log_size_1024-mem_size_0-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 24660.32 | 25161.62 | +2.03% | 6.7% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89852.35 | 92841.18 | +3.33% | 3.8% | 5.0% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-zeros_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87804.12 | 91823.94 | +4.58% | 3.5% | 2.8% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_non_zero_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89577.30 | 94170.84 | **+5.13%** | 2.0% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 89254.80 | 93892.36 | **+5.20%** | 2.1% | 2.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_True-non_zero_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 88142.08 | 92971.94 | **+5.48%** | 2.1% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_log[fixed_offset_False-zeros_topic-1_MiB_zeros_data-opcode_LOG1 @ 100M` | 87588.20 | 92805.58 | **+5.96%** | 2.7% | 4.8% |  |

### MULMOD

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: -1.75% | **Median change**: -1.70%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD- @ 100M` | 346.57 | 300.98 | **-13.15%** | 20.0% | 24.4% | :warning: |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 33.62 | 32.90 | -2.13% | 2.8% | 3.4% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 29.12 | 28.62 | -1.70% | 2.7% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 29.04 | 28.55 | -1.69% | 2.5% | 3.0% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_MULMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 29.16 | 28.72 | -1.50% | 2.6% | 2.8% |  |

### DIV

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: -1.77% | **Median change**: -1.77%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_DIV-0 @ 100M` | 44.37 | 43.57 | -1.81% | 4.0% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_DIV-1 @ 100M` | 44.70 | 43.93 | -1.73% | 4.1% | 4.8% |  |

### RETURNDATASIZE_ZERO

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -1.94% | **Median change**: -1.94%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_returndatasize_zero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 60.55 | 59.37 | -1.94% | 6.3% | 7.1% |  |

### CALLDATACOPY_FROM_ORIGIN

**Tests**: 48 (stable: 48) | **Mean change**: -1.99% | **Median change**: -2.37%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 90.01 | 86.06 | -4.39% | 10.1% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 89.86 | 86.01 | -4.28% | 10.0% | 12.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 89.95 | 86.12 | -4.25% | 10.0% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 89.84 | 86.12 | -4.15% | 10.0% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 89.86 | 86.17 | -4.10% | 10.1% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 89.45 | 86.07 | -3.78% | 9.8% | 12.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.75 | 67.66 | -2.99% | 6.0% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 69.75 | 67.72 | -2.91% | 5.9% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 146.60 | 142.41 | -2.86% | 5.8% | 6.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 68.08 | 66.16 | -2.82% | 6.7% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 69.71 | 67.84 | -2.68% | 5.9% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 68.12 | 66.30 | -2.68% | 6.5% | 8.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 69.72 | 67.86 | -2.67% | 6.1% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 68.08 | 66.27 | -2.66% | 6.5% | 8.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 95.55 | 93.02 | -2.64% | 4.6% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 69.70 | 67.87 | -2.63% | 6.1% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 68.15 | 66.38 | -2.60% | 6.7% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_0-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.67 | 67.88 | -2.56% | 6.0% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 146.09 | 142.38 | -2.54% | 5.3% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 68.11 | 66.39 | -2.52% | 6.6% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 55.90 | 54.50 | -2.50% | 4.0% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 68.02 | 66.35 | -2.45% | 6.5% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 146.51 | 142.95 | -2.43% | 5.3% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 146.39 | 142.88 | -2.39% | 5.2% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 58.79 | 57.41 | -2.35% | 4.7% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 95.49 | 93.26 | -2.34% | 4.7% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 145.49 | 142.18 | -2.28% | 5.6% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 146.06 | 142.75 | -2.26% | 5.2% | 6.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 95.32 | 93.17 | -2.25% | 4.8% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 95.34 | 93.21 | -2.23% | 4.7% | 7.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 95.47 | 93.49 | -2.07% | 4.7% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_256-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 95.11 | 93.16 | -2.06% | 5.0% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 55.75 | 54.69 | -1.90% | 4.0% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 55.78 | 54.73 | -1.87% | 3.8% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 55.63 | 54.64 | -1.78% | 3.8% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 55.67 | 54.70 | -1.74% | 4.1% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 221.19 | 220.25 | -0.42% | 3.5% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 221.57 | 220.96 | -0.27% | 2.9% | 4.1% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 137.58 | 137.26 | -0.23% | 3.3% | 5.4% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 221.49 | 221.16 | -0.15% | 3.6% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 221.75 | 221.68 | -0.03% | 2.8% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 221.56 | 221.59 | +0.01% | 3.3% | 3.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 221.46 | 221.80 | +0.15% | 3.1% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1048576 @ 100M` | 137.25 | 137.85 | +0.43% | 3.8% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 137.35 | 138.06 | +0.52% | 3.6% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 137.55 | 138.31 | +0.55% | 3.7% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 137.65 | 138.62 | +0.71% | 3.7% | 4.8% |  |
| `test_calldatacopy_from_origin[calldata_size_1024-fixed_src_dst_False-mem_size_10240 @ 100M` | 137.41 | 138.66 | +0.90% | 3.0% | 4.4% |  |

### PC_OP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -2.11% | **Median change**: -2.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_pc_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 62.59 | 61.27 | -2.11% | 4.6% | 5.1% |  |

### SELFBALANCE

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: -2.35% | **Median change**: -2.35%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_selfbalance[contract_balance_0 @ 100M` | 110.59 | 107.38 | -2.90% | 8.0% | 10.1% |  |
| `test_selfbalance[contract_balance_1 @ 100M` | 110.25 | 108.27 | -1.80% | 7.9% | 11.1% |  |

### GAS_OP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -2.37% | **Median change**: -2.37%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_gas_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 61.81 | 60.35 | -2.37% | 6.9% | 8.8% |  |

### SMOD

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: -2.38% | **Median change**: -2.39%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SMOD- @ 100M` | 339.31 | 292.08 | **-13.92%** | 21.7% | 27.8% | :warning: |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 35.67 | 34.74 | -2.59% | 4.0% | 4.7% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 32.86 | 32.06 | -2.43% | 3.5% | 4.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 37.33 | 36.45 | -2.35% | 4.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_SMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 30.78 | 30.11 | -2.17% | 3.4% | 4.1% |  |

### MUL

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -2.49% | **Median change**: -2.49%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MUL- @ 100M` | 46.28 | 45.13 | -2.49% | 4.5% | 5.2% |  |

### ADDMOD

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 4) | **Mean change**: -2.51% | **Median change**: -2.45%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD- @ 100M` | 359.76 | 310.10 | **-13.80%** | 20.5% | 24.9% | :warning: |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 49.89 | 48.48 | -2.83% | 4.2% | 5.1% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 43.84 | 42.75 | -2.50% | 3.6% | 4.4% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 45.92 | 44.82 | -2.40% | 3.6% | 4.6% |  |
| `test_mod_arithmetic[opcode_ADDMOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 49.64 | 48.49 | -2.31% | 3.8% | 4.7% |  |

### SAR

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: -2.54% | **Median change**: -2.54%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_shifts[opcode_SAR @ 100M` | 50.67 | 49.17 | -2.97% | 5.9% | 7.0% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SAR- @ 100M` | 44.32 | 43.38 | -2.11% | 6.5% | 7.9% |  |

### CALLDATASIZE

**Tests**: 8 (stable: 8) | **Mean change**: -2.71% | **Median change**: -2.69%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 59.64 | 57.94 | -2.86% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 57.96 | -2.79% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_0 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 58.02 | -2.70% | 7.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_1024 @ 100M` | 59.58 | 57.97 | -2.69% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 59.63 | 58.03 | -2.69% | 7.7% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 59.66 | 58.06 | -2.69% | 7.6% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_True-calldata_size_32 @ 100M` | 59.62 | 58.03 | -2.66% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |
| `test_calldatasize[zero_data_False-calldata_size_256 @ 100M` | 59.60 | 58.03 | -2.63% | 7.6% | 8.5% |  |

### RETURNDATACOPY

**Tests**: 48 (stable: 48) | **Mean change**: -3.37% | **Median change**: -3.84%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 70.11 | 65.20 | **-7.00%** | 7.8% | 7.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 6014.07 | 5600.93 | **-6.87%** | 6.7% | 6.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 70.04 | 65.42 | **-6.59%** | 7.9% | 7.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 69.66 | 65.23 | **-6.37%** | 7.7% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 69.90 | 65.76 | **-5.92%** | 7.7% | 7.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 84.34 | 80.09 | **-5.04%** | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 84.44 | 80.27 | -4.94% | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 84.33 | 80.17 | -4.93% | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_0-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 84.15 | 80.00 | -4.93% | 10.8% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 76.70 | 73.09 | -4.71% | 7.2% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 198.90 | 189.98 | -4.48% | 6.9% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 198.48 | 189.77 | -4.39% | 7.0% | 9.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 77.24 | 73.86 | -4.38% | 7.5% | 9.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 200.39 | 191.76 | -4.31% | 7.1% | 8.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 77.12 | 73.82 | -4.28% | 7.4% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 76.45 | 73.20 | -4.25% | 7.6% | 10.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 135.58 | 129.99 | -4.12% | 5.0% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 580.90 | 556.98 | -4.12% | 6.7% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 359.32 | 344.63 | -4.09% | 4.8% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_256-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 198.57 | 190.58 | -4.02% | 6.9% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 579.77 | 557.03 | -3.92% | 6.6% | 8.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 579.43 | 556.70 | -3.92% | 6.5% | 8.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 579.76 | 557.31 | -3.87% | 6.9% | 8.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 66.40 | 63.84 | -3.85% | 5.5% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 66.24 | 63.70 | -3.83% | 5.6% | 6.0% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 358.64 | 345.08 | -3.78% | 4.8% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 135.60 | 130.50 | -3.76% | 5.4% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 135.74 | 130.68 | -3.73% | 4.8% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 66.58 | 64.12 | -3.69% | 5.6% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 358.12 | 345.03 | -3.65% | 5.2% | 6.1% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_32-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 66.53 | 64.15 | -3.58% | 5.6% | 6.4% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_256-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 135.13 | 130.36 | -3.53% | 5.1% | 5.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1024-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 357.24 | 344.76 | -3.49% | 4.8% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 3079.29 | 2975.84 | -3.36% | 4.2% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 3082.11 | 2984.38 | -3.17% | 3.9% | 5.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 3085.63 | 2990.92 | -3.07% | 4.3% | 5.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_10240-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 3083.79 | 2989.91 | -3.04% | 4.3% | 5.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 2165.12 | 2100.03 | -3.01% | 3.9% | 3.7% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 2163.33 | 2100.27 | -2.91% | 3.9% | 3.2% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 2160.65 | 2099.80 | -2.82% | 4.4% | 3.5% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_10240-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 2162.88 | 2103.94 | -2.72% | 3.5% | 3.3% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 5830.15 | 5711.24 | -2.04% | 6.5% | 7.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_1024 @ 100M` | 5722.63 | 5665.04 | -1.01% | 6.0% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_256 @ 100M` | 5865.11 | 5829.11 | -0.61% | 6.5% | 7.8% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 5791.57 | 5807.13 | +0.27% | 8.1% | 3.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_False-return_size_1048576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 5434.99 | 5670.50 | +4.33% | 2.6% | 3.9% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_0 @ 100M` | 5668.97 | 5933.97 | +4.67% | 5.2% | 8.6% |  |
| `test_returndatacopy[fixed_dst_True-return_size_1048576-mem_size_32 @ 100M` | 5813.38 | 6112.17 | **+5.14%** | 5.8% | 4.7% |  |

### MOD

**Tests**: 5 (stable: 5) | **Mean change**: -3.39% | **Median change**: -3.10%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_MOD- @ 100M` | 65.85 | 62.85 | -4.56% | 5.5% | 6.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_63 @ 100M` | 44.09 | 42.49 | -3.63% | 4.9% | 5.3% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_191 @ 100M` | 40.05 | 38.81 | -3.10% | 4.1% | 4.9% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_255 @ 100M` | 46.29 | 44.96 | -2.89% | 4.7% | 5.5% |  |
| `test_mod[opcode_MOD-mod_bits_127 @ 100M` | 36.87 | 35.85 | -2.77% | 3.8% | 4.3% |  |

### CLZ_SAME

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -4.11% | **Median change**: -4.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_clz_same[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 190.28 | 182.46 | -4.11% | 8.5% | 11.0% |  |

### NOT_OP

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -4.12% | **Median change**: -4.12%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_not_op[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 75.66 | 72.54 | -4.12% | 8.2% | 10.0% |  |

### BLOBBASEFEE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -4.38% | **Median change**: -4.38%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_BLOBBASEFEE @ 100M` | 110.57 | 105.73 | -4.38% | 14.4% | 20.1% | :warning: |

### XOR

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -4.81% | **Median change**: -4.81%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_XOR- @ 100M` | 78.19 | 74.42 | -4.81% | 8.3% | 10.0% |  |

### SHR

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 2) | **Mean change**: -4.85% | **Median change**: -4.85%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_shifts[opcode_SHR @ 100M` | 71.20 | 67.41 | **-5.33%** | 9.1% | 10.0% |  |
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SHR- @ 100M` | 65.55 | 62.68 | -4.38% | 7.8% | 9.3% |  |

### AND

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -5.02% | **Median change**: -5.02%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_AND- @ 100M` | 78.28 | 74.35 | **-5.02%** | 8.6% | 10.3% |  |

### CALLVALUE_FROM_CALL

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.07% | **Median change**: -5.07%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_callvalue_from_call[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 454.68 | 431.59 | **-5.08%** | 14.4% | 20.0% | :warning: |
| `test_callvalue_from_call[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 112.80 | 107.08 | **-5.07%** | 14.3% | 20.3% | :warning: |

### OR

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -5.11% | **Median change**: -5.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_OR- @ 100M` | 78.37 | 74.37 | **-5.11%** | 8.7% | 9.9% |  |

### SHL

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -5.29% | **Median change**: -5.29%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_SHL- @ 100M` | 66.57 | 63.04 | **-5.29%** | 9.6% | 10.7% |  |

### MSTORE

**Tests**: 30 (stable: 30) | **Mean change**: -5.33% | **Median change**: -5.31%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.00 | 82.92 | **-5.77%** | 10.2% | 10.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.57 | 84.56 | **-5.59%** | 10.9% | 11.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.51 | 84.52 | **-5.58%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.55 | 84.60 | **-5.53%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.56 | 84.62 | **-5.52%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.53 | 84.60 | **-5.51%** | 10.6% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.85 | 83.04 | **-5.47%** | 10.2% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.73 | 83.01 | **-5.38%** | 10.0% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.60 | 82.90 | **-5.37%** | 10.0% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.93 | 83.21 | **-5.36%** | 10.2% | 11.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.35 | 84.56 | **-5.36%** | 10.7% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.01 | 83.30 | **-5.35%** | 10.1% | 11.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.52 | 84.74 | **-5.35%** | 10.8% | 11.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.38 | 84.62 | **-5.32%** | 10.8% | 11.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.03 | **-5.31%** | 10.0% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.86 | 83.20 | **-5.30%** | 10.3% | 10.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 88.05 | 83.39 | **-5.28%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.89 | 83.27 | **-5.26%** | 10.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.49 | 84.79 | **-5.25%** | 10.6% | 11.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.56 | 82.97 | **-5.25%** | 10.0% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.83 | 83.22 | **-5.25%** | 10.4% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.82 | 83.23 | **-5.22%** | 9.9% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.70 | 83.16 | **-5.18%** | 10.2% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.83 | 83.29 | **-5.17%** | 10.2% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.17 | **-5.16%** | 10.0% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 89.29 | 84.69 | **-5.16%** | 10.7% | 11.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.54 | 83.03 | **-5.15%** | 9.9% | 11.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.69 | 83.18 | **-5.14%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.82 | 83.31 | **-5.14%** | 10.0% | 10.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE @ 100M` | 87.71 | 83.27 | **-5.07%** | 10.1% | 10.9% |  |

### CALLER

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.47% | **Median change**: -5.47%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_CALLER @ 100M` | 112.90 | 106.72 | **-5.47%** | 14.9% | 19.7% | :warning: |

### CHAINID

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.61% | **Median change**: -5.61%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_CHAINID @ 100M` | 116.41 | 109.88 | **-5.61%** | 15.9% | 20.8% | :warning: |

### SIGNEXTEND

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -5.76% | **Median change**: -5.76%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SIGNEXTEND- @ 100M` | 122.93 | 115.85 | **-5.76%** | 9.5% | 11.1% |  |

### PREVRANDAO

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.77% | **Median change**: -5.77%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_PREVRANDAO @ 100M` | 111.07 | 104.66 | **-5.77%** | 15.1% | 19.3% | :warning: |

### ADDRESS

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.77% | **Median change**: -5.77%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_ADDRESS @ 100M` | 114.66 | 108.05 | **-5.77%** | 14.8% | 19.8% | :warning: |

### BASEFEE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.87% | **Median change**: -5.87%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_BASEFEE @ 100M` | 106.22 | 99.98 | **-5.87%** | 12.4% | 15.8% | :warning: |

### COINBASE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -5.97% | **Median change**: -5.97%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_block_context_ops[opcode_COINBASE @ 100M` | 112.99 | 106.25 | **-5.97%** | 15.2% | 19.9% | :warning: |

### ADD

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -6.20% | **Median change**: -6.20%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_ADD- @ 100M` | 54.63 | 51.25 | **-6.20%** | 23.3% | 15.8% | :warning: |

### SUB

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -6.31% | **Median change**: -6.31%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_arithmetic[opcode_SUB- @ 100M` | 45.28 | 42.42 | **-6.31%** | 10.8% | 9.3% |  |

### RETURNDATASIZE_NONZERO

**Tests**: 12 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -6.49% | **Median change**: -6.51%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 108.14 | 100.80 | **-6.79%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 107.98 | 100.68 | **-6.77%** | 13.7% | 16.8% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 108.02 | 100.71 | **-6.77%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 108.11 | 100.83 | **-6.74%** | 14.0% | 16.5% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.91 | 100.73 | **-6.66%** | 13.9% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.REVERT @ 100M` | 107.87 | 100.82 | **-6.54%** | 13.9% | 16.7% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_1024-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.74 | 100.75 | **-6.49%** | 13.9% | 16.4% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.92 | 100.94 | **-6.47%** | 13.8% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_32-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.79 | 100.83 | **-6.46%** | 13.7% | 16.5% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.72 | 100.90 | **-6.33%** | 13.6% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_0-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.RETURN @ 100M` | 107.62 | 100.90 | **-6.24%** | 13.6% | 16.6% | :warning: |
| `test_returndatasize_nonzero[returned_size_256-return_data_style_ReturnDataStyle.IDENTITY @ 100M` | 107.10 | 101.03 | **-5.66%** | 13.2% | 16.5% | :warning: |

### MLOAD

**Tests**: 30 (stable: 30) | **Mean change**: -6.50% | **Median change**: -6.46%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.68 | 87.92 | **-8.11%** | 11.4% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.60 | 88.63 | **-7.30%** | 11.2% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.71 | 88.91 | **-7.11%** | 11.1% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.54 | 88.75 | **-7.10%** | 11.3% | 11.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.69 | 89.09 | **-6.90%** | 11.5% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 95.61 | 89.03 | **-6.88%** | 11.4% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.94 | 86.66 | **-6.75%** | 10.8% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.83 | 86.61 | **-6.70%** | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.76 | 86.62 | **-6.62%** | 10.9% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.89 | 86.76 | **-6.59%** | 10.7% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.64 | 86.53 | **-6.59%** | 10.9% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.86 | 86.74 | **-6.58%** | 11.2% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.79 | 86.71 | **-6.56%** | 11.2% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.82 | 86.80 | **-6.49%** | 11.1% | 12.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.83 | 86.81 | **-6.48%** | 11.0% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.76 | 86.78 | **-6.44%** | 10.7% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.67 | 88.59 | **-6.42%** | 10.7% | 12.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.60 | 86.69 | **-6.38%** | 10.9% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.47 | 88.47 | **-6.36%** | 10.4% | 12.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.89 | 86.99 | **-6.35%** | 10.8% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.57 | 86.70 | **-6.34%** | 10.6% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.71 | 86.85 | **-6.31%** | 11.0% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.73 | 86.99 | **-6.19%** | 11.0% | 11.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.52 | 86.81 | **-6.18%** | 10.9% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.64 | 87.00 | **-6.09%** | 11.0% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.51 | 86.90 | **-6.06%** | 10.6% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.72 | 87.16 | **-5.99%** | 11.1% | 12.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.20 | 88.60 | **-5.94%** | 10.4% | 12.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 94.00 | 88.68 | **-5.66%** | 10.8% | 12.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MLOAD @ 100M` | 92.26 | 87.07 | **-5.63%** | 11.1% | 11.9% |  |

### CLZ_DIFF

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -6.80% | **Median change**: -6.80%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_clz_diff[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 175.75 | 163.79 | **-6.80%** | 13.5% | 17.1% | :warning: |

### ORIGIN

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -6.97% | **Median change**: -6.97%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_ORIGIN @ 100M` | 87.86 | 81.73 | **-6.97%** | 20.9% | 4.7% | :warning: |

### EQ

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -7.11% | **Median change**: -7.11%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_comparison[opcode_EQ- @ 100M` | 34.54 | 32.09 | **-7.11%** | 7.7% | 8.1% |  |

### BLOBHASH

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -7.12% | **Median change**: -7.12%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_blobhash[no_blobs @ 100M` | 103.50 | 95.71 | **-7.52%** | 21.0% | 4.1% | :warning: |
| `test_blobhash[one_blob @ 100M` | 86.39 | 80.58 | **-6.72%** | 17.6% | 3.1% | :warning: |

### GASPRICE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -7.19% | **Median change**: -7.19%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_call_frame_context_ops[opcode_GASPRICE @ 100M` | 87.15 | 80.88 | **-7.19%** | 20.9% | 4.8% | :warning: |

### SGT

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -7.35% | **Median change**: -7.35%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_comparison[opcode_SGT- @ 100M` | 125.75 | 116.50 | **-7.35%** | 13.3% | 15.6% | :warning: |

### MSTORE8

**Tests**: 30 (stable: 30) | **Mean change**: -7.51% | **Median change**: -7.44%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.84 | 103.78 | **-8.03%** | 12.5% | 14.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.72 | 103.77 | **-7.95%** | 12.5% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.84 | 103.90 | **-7.93%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.70 | 103.77 | **-7.93%** | 12.4% | 13.9% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.59 | 103.68 | **-7.92%** | 12.8% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.74 | 103.91 | **-7.83%** | 12.5% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.62 | 103.93 | **-7.72%** | 12.6% | 14.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.65 | 103.96 | **-7.72%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.63 | 103.95 | **-7.70%** | 12.4% | 14.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.83 | 102.31 | **-7.69%** | 12.1% | 13.0% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.86 | 102.38 | **-7.65%** | 11.9% | 13.4% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.41 | **-7.57%** | 12.0% | 13.8% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.98 | 102.63 | **-7.53%** | 12.2% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_0-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 112.44 | 103.99 | **-7.51%** | 12.6% | 14.1% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.84 | 102.56 | **-7.47%** | 12.0% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.58 | **-7.41%** | 12.0% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.89 | 102.69 | **-7.39%** | 12.0% | 13.2% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.69 | **-7.36%** | 12.1% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.70 | 102.58 | **-7.34%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_True-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.78 | 102.66 | **-7.34%** | 12.1% | 13.7% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.78 | 102.71 | **-7.29%** | 12.2% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.79 | 102.73 | **-7.28%** | 12.1% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.76 | 102.72 | **-7.26%** | 12.1% | 13.3% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_1024-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.82 | **-7.25%** | 12.0% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_32-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.74 | 102.74 | **-7.22%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_0-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.73 | 102.75 | **-7.21%** | 12.0% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_256-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.76 | 102.78 | **-7.20%** | 12.1% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_True-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.74 | 102.77 | **-7.20%** | 12.2% | 13.5% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_1-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.85 | 102.89 | **-7.18%** | 12.2% | 13.6% |  |
| `test_memory_access[mem_size_10240-offset_initialized_False-offset_31-opcode_MSTORE8 @ 100M` | 110.72 | 102.77 | **-7.18%** | 12.1% | 13.5% |  |

### SLT

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -7.66% | **Median change**: -7.66%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_comparison[opcode_SLT- @ 100M` | 119.86 | 110.68 | **-7.66%** | 13.6% | 15.6% | :warning: |

### LT

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -7.97% | **Median change**: -7.97%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_comparison[opcode_LT- @ 100M` | 141.97 | 130.65 | **-7.97%** | 13.7% | 15.2% | :warning: |

### GT

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -8.19% | **Median change**: -8.19%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_comparison[opcode_GT- @ 100M` | 151.55 | 139.14 | **-8.19%** | 13.7% | 17.4% | :warning: |

### BYTE

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 1) | **Mean change**: -8.27% | **Median change**: -8.27%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_bitwise[opcode_BYTE- @ 100M` | 122.70 | 112.56 | **-8.27%** | 12.3% | 14.3% |  |

### PUSH0

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -9.01% | **Median change**: -9.01%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_push[opcode_PUSH0 @ 100M` | 162.48 | 147.84 | **-9.01%** | 19.7% | 24.4% | :warning: |

### SWAP10

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -10.82% | **Median change**: -10.82%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP10 @ 100M` | 188.21 | 167.85 | **-10.82%** | 26.3% | 13.4% | :warning: |

### SWAP13

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -11.95% | **Median change**: -11.95%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP13 @ 100M` | 191.60 | 168.71 | **-11.95%** | 22.1% | 13.5% | :warning: |

### DUP5

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.15% | **Median change**: -12.15%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP5 @ 100M` | 214.32 | 188.29 | **-12.15%** | 20.5% | 25.1% | :warning: |

### DUP11

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.25% | **Median change**: -12.25%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP11 @ 100M` | 214.10 | 187.87 | **-12.25%** | 20.7% | 25.0% | :warning: |

### SWAP12

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.38% | **Median change**: -12.38%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP12 @ 100M` | 192.45 | 168.63 | **-12.38%** | 22.3% | 13.5% | :warning: |

### DUP7

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.38% | **Median change**: -12.38%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP7 @ 100M` | 214.57 | 188.00 | **-12.38%** | 20.6% | 25.0% | :warning: |

### DUP8

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.43% | **Median change**: -12.43%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP8 @ 100M` | 214.00 | 187.41 | **-12.43%** | 20.6% | 24.7% | :warning: |

### DUP2

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.49% | **Median change**: -12.49%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP2 @ 100M` | 214.31 | 187.54 | **-12.49%** | 20.7% | 24.7% | :warning: |

### DUP12

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.50% | **Median change**: -12.50%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP12 @ 100M` | 214.42 | 187.62 | **-12.50%** | 20.8% | 24.8% | :warning: |

### DUP14

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.55% | **Median change**: -12.55%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP14 @ 100M` | 214.85 | 187.88 | **-12.55%** | 20.7% | 24.9% | :warning: |

### DUP10

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.57% | **Median change**: -12.57%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP10 @ 100M` | 214.76 | 187.76 | **-12.57%** | 20.7% | 24.8% | :warning: |

### DUP3

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.58% | **Median change**: -12.58%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP3 @ 100M` | 214.37 | 187.40 | **-12.58%** | 20.7% | 24.8% | :warning: |

### SWAP1

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.59% | **Median change**: -12.59%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP1 @ 100M` | 192.06 | 167.87 | **-12.59%** | 22.1% | 13.3% | :warning: |

### SWAP14

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.59% | **Median change**: -12.59%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP14 @ 100M` | 192.20 | 168.00 | **-12.59%** | 23.8% | 14.3% | :warning: |

### SWAP2

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.66% | **Median change**: -12.66%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP2 @ 100M` | 191.95 | 167.66 | **-12.66%** | 23.8% | 13.9% | :warning: |

### DUP16

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.70% | **Median change**: -12.70%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP16 @ 100M` | 215.33 | 187.99 | **-12.70%** | 20.9% | 25.0% | :warning: |

### DUP4

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.73% | **Median change**: -12.73%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP4 @ 100M` | 214.29 | 187.02 | **-12.73%** | 20.7% | 24.7% | :warning: |

### DUP15

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.74% | **Median change**: -12.74%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP15 @ 100M` | 215.46 | 188.02 | **-12.74%** | 20.9% | 24.9% | :warning: |

### DUP1

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.74% | **Median change**: -12.74%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP1 @ 100M` | 215.66 | 188.20 | **-12.74%** | 20.9% | 24.9% | :warning: |

### DUP6

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.74% | **Median change**: -12.74%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP6 @ 100M` | 215.44 | 188.00 | **-12.74%** | 20.7% | 24.9% | :warning: |

### DUP13

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.76% | **Median change**: -12.76%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP13 @ 100M` | 215.62 | 188.11 | **-12.76%** | 20.8% | 25.1% | :warning: |

### SWAP15

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.77% | **Median change**: -12.77%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP15 @ 100M` | 192.87 | 168.23 | **-12.77%** | 24.4% | 14.1% | :warning: |

### DUP9

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.85% | **Median change**: -12.85%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_dup[opcode_DUP9 @ 100M` | 215.74 | 188.01 | **-12.85%** | 20.9% | 25.0% | :warning: |

### SWAP9

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -12.98% | **Median change**: -12.98%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP9 @ 100M` | 192.85 | 167.82 | **-12.98%** | 24.1% | 14.2% | :warning: |

### ISZERO

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.10% | **Median change**: -13.10%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_iszero[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 159.01 | 138.18 | **-13.10%** | 30.2% | 3.8% | :warning: |

### JUMPIS

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.29% | **Median change**: -13.29%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpis[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 163.98 | 142.18 | **-13.29%** | 33.2% | 5.7% | :warning: |

### SWAP8

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.32% | **Median change**: -13.32%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP8 @ 100M` | 193.84 | 168.02 | **-13.32%** | 24.4% | 13.5% | :warning: |

### SWAP4

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.36% | **Median change**: -13.36%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP4 @ 100M` | 194.11 | 168.19 | **-13.36%** | 23.9% | 14.1% | :warning: |

### SWAP5

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.45% | **Median change**: -13.45%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP5 @ 100M` | 194.25 | 168.12 | **-13.45%** | 23.9% | 14.0% | :warning: |

### SWAP11

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.53% | **Median change**: -13.53%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP11 @ 100M` | 194.62 | 168.29 | **-13.53%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |

### SWAP6

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.68% | **Median change**: -13.68%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP6 @ 100M` | 195.07 | 168.39 | **-13.68%** | 23.8% | 13.5% | :warning: |

### SWAP7

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -13.79% | **Median change**: -13.79%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP7 @ 100M` | 194.43 | 167.62 | **-13.79%** | 23.8% | 13.3% | :warning: |

### SWAP16

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -14.03% | **Median change**: -14.03%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP16 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 167.24 | **-14.03%** | 23.8% | 13.6% | :warning: |

### SWAP3

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -14.33% | **Median change**: -14.33%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_swap[opcode_SWAP3 @ 100M` | 194.54 | 166.67 | **-14.33%** | 23.2% | 13.7% | :warning: |

### CALLVALUE_FROM_ORIGIN

**Tests**: 2 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -14.52% | **Median change**: -14.52%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_True @ 100M` | 191.59 | 161.45 | **-15.73%** | 24.3% | 27.6% | :warning: |
| `test_callvalue_from_origin[non_zero_value_False @ 100M` | 190.02 | 164.72 | **-13.32%** | 24.3% | 29.7% | :warning: |

### JUMPI_FALLTHROUGH

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -17.71% | **Median change**: -17.71%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpi_fallthrough[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 382.80 | 314.99 | **-17.71%** | 30.1% | 17.1% | :warning: |

### JUMPS

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -18.20% | **Median change**: -18.20%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumps[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 381.67 | 312.20 | **-18.20%** | 30.6% | 19.1% | :warning: |

### JUMPDESTS

**Tests**: 1 (stable: 0) | **Mean change**: -21.80% | **Median change**: -21.80%

| Test | Ctrl Mean | Opt Mean | Change | Ctrl CV | Opt CV | Flag |
|------|----------:|---------:|-------:|--------:|-------:|------|
| `test_jumpdests[benchmark-gas-value_100M` | 210.06 | 164.26 | **-21.80%** | 35.9% | 43.2% | :warning: |