Summary
Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_head parses quoted multipart parameters such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name="..." using repeated String#index searches combined with String#slice! prefix deletion. For escape-heavy quoted values, this causes super-linear processing.
An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted multipart/form-data request containing many parts with long backslash-escaped parameter values to trigger excessive CPU usage during multipart parsing.
This results in a denial of service condition in Rack applications that accept multipart form data.
Details
Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_head parses quoted parameter values by repeatedly:
- Searching for the next quote or backslash,
- Copying the preceding substring into a new buffer, and
- Removing the processed prefix from the original string with
slice!.
An attacker can exploit this by sending a multipart request with many parts whose name parameters contain long escape-heavy values such as:
name="a\\a\\a\\a\\a\\..."
Under default Rack limits, a request can contain up to 4095 parts. If many of those parts use long quoted values with dense escape characters, the parser performs disproportionately expensive CPU work while remaining within normal request size and part-count limits.
Impact
Any Rack application that accepts multipart/form-data requests may be affected, including file upload endpoints and standard HTML form handlers.
An unauthenticated attacker can send crafted multipart requests that consume excessive CPU time during request parsing. Repeated requests can tie up application workers, reduce throughput, and degrade or deny service availability.
Mitigation
- Update to a patched version of Rack that parses quoted multipart parameters without repeated rescanning and destructive prefix deletion.
- Apply request throttling or rate limiting to multipart upload endpoints.
- Where operationally feasible, restrict or isolate multipart parsing on untrusted high-volume endpoints.
References
TaiPhung217 Reporter
jeremyevans Remediation developer
ioquatix Coordinator
Summary
Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_headparses quoted multipart parameters such asContent-Disposition: form-data; name="..."using repeatedString#indexsearches combined withString#slice!prefix deletion. For escape-heavy quoted values, this causes super-linear processing.An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted
multipart/form-datarequest containing many parts with long backslash-escaped parameter values to trigger excessive CPU usage during multipart parsing.This results in a denial of service condition in Rack applications that accept multipart form data.
Details
Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_headparses quoted parameter values by repeatedly:slice!.An attacker can exploit this by sending a multipart request with many parts whose
nameparameters contain long escape-heavy values such as:Under default Rack limits, a request can contain up to 4095 parts. If many of those parts use long quoted values with dense escape characters, the parser performs disproportionately expensive CPU work while remaining within normal request size and part-count limits.
Impact
Any Rack application that accepts
multipart/form-datarequests may be affected, including file upload endpoints and standard HTML form handlers.An unauthenticated attacker can send crafted multipart requests that consume excessive CPU time during request parsing. Repeated requests can tie up application workers, reduce throughput, and degrade or deny service availability.
Mitigation
References