Ensure third party callbacks on BLE notify do not cause disconnect

[bdraco]

What does this implement/fix?

We need a broad exception catch around the callback since it calls back into third party code which may raise up to the protocol handler and disconnect the device.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable):

• fixes We need a guard in on_bluetooth_gatt_notify_data_response to prevent downstream libs from being able to break the aioesphomeapi connection #1211

Pull request in esphome (if applicable):

• esphome/esphome#

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• If api.proto was modified, a linked pull request has been made to esphome with the same changes.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (782a429) to head (102e4ba).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main     #1212   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           20        20           
  Lines         2932      2935    +3     
=========================================
+ Hits          2932      2935    +3     

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[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #1212 will not alter performance

_{Comparing prevent_3rdparty_disconnect_notify (102e4ba) with main (782a429)}

Summary

✅ 11 untouched benchmarks

[coderabbitai]

Caution

Review failed

The pull request is closed.

Walkthrough

A try-except block was added around the Bluetooth GATT notify callback in the client to catch and log exceptions without propagating them. Additionally, a new asynchronous test verifies that exceptions in the callback are properly handled and logged, ensuring the client connection remains stable even if the callback fails.

Changes

File(s)	Change Summary
aioesphomeapi/client_base.py	Wrapped the Bluetooth GATT notify callback in a try-except block to catch and log exceptions.
tests/test_client.py	Added an asynchronous test to verify exception handling and logging in the Bluetooth GATT notify callback.

Suggested labels

minor

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📜 Recent review details

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 782a429 and 102e4ba.

📒 Files selected for processing (2)

• aioesphomeapi/client_base.py (1 hunks)
• tests/test_client.py (1 hunks)

✨ Finishing Touches

• 📝 Generate Docstrings

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