Prevent map lookups in traceglobal probe when using Go >= 1.24

[MrAlias]

Part of #1318

The traceglobal probe looks up tracers in a map. The current implementation will break for Go >= 1.24 where the map implementation will change. This adds a package constraint to ensure that probe is not loaded in that situation and documents this in COMPATIBILITY.md.

This was tested manually by setting the package constraint to Go >= 1.19 and building/running the rolldice example with appropriate versions. The appropriate warnings were logged.

go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:37.982853153Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"main.main","file":"/app/cli/main.go","line":103},"msg":"building OpenTelemetry Go instrumentation ...","globalImpl":false,"version":{"Release":"v0.19.0-alpha","Revision":"060b385bd6615d86178576fcc00ce8a42fd1f173-dirty","Go":{"Version":"go1.23.4","OS":"linux","Arch":"amd64"}}}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.003146178Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/process.(*Analyzer).DiscoverProcessID","file":"/app/internal/pkg/process/discover.go","line":64},"msg":"found process","pid":813756}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.014164784Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/process.remoteAllocate.func1","file":"/app/internal/pkg/process/allocate.go","line":70},"msg":"Detaching from process","pid":813756}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.014328357Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto.NewInstrumentation","file":"/app/instrumentation.go","line":113},"msg":"target process analysis completed","pid":813756,"go_version":"1.22.10","dependencies":{"github.com/go-logr/logr":"1.4.2","github.com/go-logr/stdr":"1.2.2","go.opentelemetry.io/otel":"1.31.0","go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric":"1.31.0","go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace":"1.31.0","std":"1.22.10"},"total_functions_found":4}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.020969534Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation.(*Manager).loadProbes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/manager.go","line":374},"msg":"loading probe","name":{"SpanKind":2,"InstrumentedPkg":"net/http"}}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.411866414Z","level":"INFO","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation.(*Manager).loadProbes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/manager.go","line":374},"msg":"loading probe","name":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"}}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.800743683Z","level":"WARN","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe.(*Base[...]).loadUprobes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe/probe.go","line":187},"msg":"package constraint not meet, skipping uprobe","probe":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"},"symbol":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global.(*tracer).Start","package":"std","constraint":"< 1.19.0"}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.800781614Z","level":"WARN","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe.(*Base[...]).loadUprobes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe/probe.go","line":187},"msg":"package constraint not meet, skipping uprobe","probe":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"},"symbol":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global.(*nonRecordingSpan).End","package":"std","constraint":"< 1.19.0"}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.80079266Z","level":"WARN","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe.(*Base[...]).loadUprobes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe/probe.go","line":187},"msg":"package constraint not meet, skipping uprobe","probe":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"},"symbol":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global.(*nonRecordingSpan).SetAttributes","package":"std","constraint":"< 1.19.0"}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.800804997Z","level":"WARN","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe.(*Base[...]).loadUprobes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe/probe.go","line":187},"msg":"package constraint not meet, skipping uprobe","probe":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"},"symbol":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global.(*nonRecordingSpan).SetStatus","package":"std","constraint":"< 1.19.0"}
go-auto-1   | {"time":"2025-01-09T22:20:40.800819684Z","level":"WARN","source":{"function":"go.opentelemetry.io/auto/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe.(*Base[...]).loadUprobes","file":"/app/internal/pkg/instrumentation/probe/probe.go","line":187},"msg":"package constraint not meet, skipping uprobe","probe":{"SpanKind":3,"InstrumentedPkg":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global"},"symbol":"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/internal/global.(*nonRecordingSpan).SetName","package":"std","constraint":"< 1.19.0"}

Then the cut-off was reverted to 1.24 and the warnings were verified to no longer be logged.