fix(opentelemetry-core): defer tracestate vaidation

[david-luna]

Which problem is this PR solving?

Fixes #790

Short description of the changes

• parsing logic has changed to avoid extra allocation and stop parsing after the max items is reached.
• removed call to parse in the constructor. used in get/set/unset methods when needed
• validate key and value in set() method before any parsing of mutation happens

Type of change

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

How Has This Been Tested?

Please describe the tests that you ran to verify your changes. Provide instructions so we can reproduce. Please also list any relevant details for your test configuration

• Unit tests

Checklist:

• Followed the style guidelines of this project
• Unit tests have been added

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.52941% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 95.70%. Comparing base (b27c514) to head (82b65b0).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ackages/opentelemetry-core/src/trace/TraceState.ts	98.52%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #6459   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   95.70%   95.70%           
=======================================
  Files         375      375           
  Lines       12922    12954   +32     
  Branches     3091     3099    +8     
=======================================
+ Hits        12367    12398   +31     
- Misses        555      556    +1     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
api/src/trace/internal/tracestate-impl.ts	100.00% <ø> (ø)
api/src/trace/internal/utils.ts	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...ackages/opentelemetry-core/src/trace/TraceState.ts	98.73% <98.52%> (-1.27%)	⬇️

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[pichlermarc]

a few comments, but this one is almost ready to merge. 🙂